NUR 623 EXAM 3 EXAM SCRIPT WITH VIEW
AHEAD TESTED QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
SOLUTIONS 2026.
⫸ Case Fatality Rate. Answer: The proportion of individuals
diagnosed with a particular disease who die from that disease.
(Number of deaths / Number of cases) × 100.
⫸ Crude Mortality Rate. Answer: The total number of deaths from all
causes in a population during a specified time period, usually
expressed per 100,000 population.
⫸ Cause-Specific Morbidity Rate. Answer: Measures the frequency
of illness due to a specific disease in a population over a specific
period. Expressed per 100,000 population.
⫸ Screening Test Considerations. Answer: Includes sensitivity (true
positives), specificity (true negatives), cost, acceptability,
accessibility, and simplicity.
⫸ Analytic Epidemiology. Answer: Investigates the causes and
associations between exposures and outcomes (disease). Includes
cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies.
,⫸ Florence Nightingale as Epidemiologist. Answer: Used statistical
analysis to demonstrate the relationship between unsanitary
conditions and death among soldiers. Advocated for sanitation reform.
⫸ Community Nursing Challenges. Answer: Nurses in the
community must address broader environmental and social factors,
limited access to care, cultural considerations, and resource
constraints.
⫸ Program Impact Evaluation. Answer: Evaluated by reduced disease
incidence, improved knowledge, behavior change, and long-term
health outcomes.
⫸ Infant Mortality Rate. Answer: The number of infant deaths (under
age 1) per 1,000 live births. Indicator of the overall health of a
population.
⫸ Epidemiologic Triangle. Answer: A model used to explain the
etiology of infectious diseases by examining interactions among three
elements: Agent (pathogen), Host (human or animal), and
Environment (external factors allowing disease transmission).
⫸ Agent in Epidemiologic Triangle. Answer: Pathogen characteristics
including infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence, toxicity, invasiveness,
and antigenicity.
, ⫸ Host in Epidemiologic Triangle. Answer: Human or animal
resistance and types of immunity including natural, acquired, active,
passive, and herd.
⫸ Environment in Epidemiologic Triangle. Answer: External factors
allowing disease transmission.
⫸ Mortality Registration. Answer: Used to track causes of death and
evaluate the impact of disease and injury over time. Example:
Reviewing death certificates to assess increases in opioid overdose
deaths.
⫸ Morbidity Reporting. Answer: Used by providers to identify trends
in illness, detect potential outbreaks, and report notifiable diseases.
Example: Clinics reporting weekly cases of influenza-like illness to
the local health department.
⫸ Epidemic Reporting. Answer: Used to rapidly alert public health
authorities of an unusual increase in disease incidence. Example: A
hospital reports a cluster of meningitis cases among college students.
⫸ Field Investigations. Answer: Used during an outbreak to identify
source, mode of transmission, and control measures. Example: Public
health officials investigating a salmonella outbreak linked to
contaminated lettuce.
⫸ Lab reporting. Answer: Used to confirm disease diagnoses and
detect emerging pathogens or antimicrobial resistance.
AHEAD TESTED QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
SOLUTIONS 2026.
⫸ Case Fatality Rate. Answer: The proportion of individuals
diagnosed with a particular disease who die from that disease.
(Number of deaths / Number of cases) × 100.
⫸ Crude Mortality Rate. Answer: The total number of deaths from all
causes in a population during a specified time period, usually
expressed per 100,000 population.
⫸ Cause-Specific Morbidity Rate. Answer: Measures the frequency
of illness due to a specific disease in a population over a specific
period. Expressed per 100,000 population.
⫸ Screening Test Considerations. Answer: Includes sensitivity (true
positives), specificity (true negatives), cost, acceptability,
accessibility, and simplicity.
⫸ Analytic Epidemiology. Answer: Investigates the causes and
associations between exposures and outcomes (disease). Includes
cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies.
,⫸ Florence Nightingale as Epidemiologist. Answer: Used statistical
analysis to demonstrate the relationship between unsanitary
conditions and death among soldiers. Advocated for sanitation reform.
⫸ Community Nursing Challenges. Answer: Nurses in the
community must address broader environmental and social factors,
limited access to care, cultural considerations, and resource
constraints.
⫸ Program Impact Evaluation. Answer: Evaluated by reduced disease
incidence, improved knowledge, behavior change, and long-term
health outcomes.
⫸ Infant Mortality Rate. Answer: The number of infant deaths (under
age 1) per 1,000 live births. Indicator of the overall health of a
population.
⫸ Epidemiologic Triangle. Answer: A model used to explain the
etiology of infectious diseases by examining interactions among three
elements: Agent (pathogen), Host (human or animal), and
Environment (external factors allowing disease transmission).
⫸ Agent in Epidemiologic Triangle. Answer: Pathogen characteristics
including infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence, toxicity, invasiveness,
and antigenicity.
, ⫸ Host in Epidemiologic Triangle. Answer: Human or animal
resistance and types of immunity including natural, acquired, active,
passive, and herd.
⫸ Environment in Epidemiologic Triangle. Answer: External factors
allowing disease transmission.
⫸ Mortality Registration. Answer: Used to track causes of death and
evaluate the impact of disease and injury over time. Example:
Reviewing death certificates to assess increases in opioid overdose
deaths.
⫸ Morbidity Reporting. Answer: Used by providers to identify trends
in illness, detect potential outbreaks, and report notifiable diseases.
Example: Clinics reporting weekly cases of influenza-like illness to
the local health department.
⫸ Epidemic Reporting. Answer: Used to rapidly alert public health
authorities of an unusual increase in disease incidence. Example: A
hospital reports a cluster of meningitis cases among college students.
⫸ Field Investigations. Answer: Used during an outbreak to identify
source, mode of transmission, and control measures. Example: Public
health officials investigating a salmonella outbreak linked to
contaminated lettuce.
⫸ Lab reporting. Answer: Used to confirm disease diagnoses and
detect emerging pathogens or antimicrobial resistance.
