NURSING BS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
2026 FINAL PAPER
◉ A nurse monitors the patient for _____ when rapid onset of
malignant hypertension results.
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Encephalopathy
C. Acute renal failure
D. Atherosclerosis. Answer: Encephalopathy
◉ A nurse recalls the most common cardiac valve disease in the
United States, which tends to be most prevalent in young women, is:
A. Tricuspid valve prolapse
B. Pulmonary stenosis
C. Mitral valve prolapse
D. Aortic stenosis. Answer: Mitral valve prolapse
◉ A nurse is planning care for a patient in shock. Which principle
should the nurse remember? During shock states, glucose uptake is
usually:
,A. Normal
B. Enhanced
C. Energy intensive
D. Impaired. Answer: Impaired
◉ A 50-year-old male is diagnosed with orthostatic hypotension.
Which of the following symptoms would he most likely experience?
A. Syncope and fainting
B. Nausea and vomiting
C. Chest pain and palpitations
D. Headache and blurred vision. Answer: Syncope and fainting
◉ While checking lab results, the nurse remembers the normal
leukocyte
count is:
A. 1,000-2,000/mm3
B. 5,000-10,000/mm3
C. 4.2-6.2 million/mm3
D. 1.2-2.2 million/mm3. Answer: 5,000-10,000/mm3
,◉ Which electrolyte will the nurse check to ensure normal platelet
functioning?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Magnesium
D. Calcium. Answer: Calcium
◉ While planning care for a newborn, the pediatric nurse recalls the
main site of hematopoiesis in the fetus is the:
A. Bone marrow
B. Liver
C. Lymph nodes
D. Spleen. Answer: Spleen
◉ While planning care for a patient with inflammation, which
principle will the nurse remember? The predominant phagocyte of
early inflammation is the:
A. Eosinophil
B. Lymphocyte
, C. Macrophage
D. Neutrophil. Answer: Neutrophil
◉ An unstable type of hemoglobin that cannot bind with oxygen is
termed:
A. Deoxyhemoglobin
B. Oxyhemoglobin
C. Methemoglobin
D. Glycosylated hemoglobin. Answer: Methemoglobin
◉ A nurse is teaching the staff about platelets. Which information
should the nurse include? In addition to playing a role in hemostasis,
platelets have the ability to:
A. Stimulate bone marrow production of erythrocytes
B. Release biochemical mediators of inflammation
C. Undergo cell division in response to bleeding
D. Activate a humoral response. Answer: Release biochemical
mediators of inflammation
◉ A 45-year-old female undergoes a splenectomy to remove a tumor.
Which of
2026 FINAL PAPER
◉ A nurse monitors the patient for _____ when rapid onset of
malignant hypertension results.
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Encephalopathy
C. Acute renal failure
D. Atherosclerosis. Answer: Encephalopathy
◉ A nurse recalls the most common cardiac valve disease in the
United States, which tends to be most prevalent in young women, is:
A. Tricuspid valve prolapse
B. Pulmonary stenosis
C. Mitral valve prolapse
D. Aortic stenosis. Answer: Mitral valve prolapse
◉ A nurse is planning care for a patient in shock. Which principle
should the nurse remember? During shock states, glucose uptake is
usually:
,A. Normal
B. Enhanced
C. Energy intensive
D. Impaired. Answer: Impaired
◉ A 50-year-old male is diagnosed with orthostatic hypotension.
Which of the following symptoms would he most likely experience?
A. Syncope and fainting
B. Nausea and vomiting
C. Chest pain and palpitations
D. Headache and blurred vision. Answer: Syncope and fainting
◉ While checking lab results, the nurse remembers the normal
leukocyte
count is:
A. 1,000-2,000/mm3
B. 5,000-10,000/mm3
C. 4.2-6.2 million/mm3
D. 1.2-2.2 million/mm3. Answer: 5,000-10,000/mm3
,◉ Which electrolyte will the nurse check to ensure normal platelet
functioning?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Magnesium
D. Calcium. Answer: Calcium
◉ While planning care for a newborn, the pediatric nurse recalls the
main site of hematopoiesis in the fetus is the:
A. Bone marrow
B. Liver
C. Lymph nodes
D. Spleen. Answer: Spleen
◉ While planning care for a patient with inflammation, which
principle will the nurse remember? The predominant phagocyte of
early inflammation is the:
A. Eosinophil
B. Lymphocyte
, C. Macrophage
D. Neutrophil. Answer: Neutrophil
◉ An unstable type of hemoglobin that cannot bind with oxygen is
termed:
A. Deoxyhemoglobin
B. Oxyhemoglobin
C. Methemoglobin
D. Glycosylated hemoglobin. Answer: Methemoglobin
◉ A nurse is teaching the staff about platelets. Which information
should the nurse include? In addition to playing a role in hemostasis,
platelets have the ability to:
A. Stimulate bone marrow production of erythrocytes
B. Release biochemical mediators of inflammation
C. Undergo cell division in response to bleeding
D. Activate a humoral response. Answer: Release biochemical
mediators of inflammation
◉ A 45-year-old female undergoes a splenectomy to remove a tumor.
Which of
