Unit 1 Exam BIO 120 (Goodwin Uni) Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update
2025/2026
List the levels of biological organization, in order (CC 2) - Answers Atoms, molecules, cells,
tissues, organs, organ systems, then lastly an organism
Describe the relationship between structure and function (CC 2) - Answers The structure of an
object will always dictate the function of an object
What is structure (CC2) - Answers The structure is the makeup/arrangement of the object
What is function (CC2) - Answers This makeup of an object allows it to operate
What is the relationship between levels (CC2) - Answers 1. Atoms are the smallest things and
form molecules
2. Molecules combine to form cells
3. Cells are the first stages of life and multiple cells can combine to form tissues
4. There are several types of tissues but tissues can come together to form organs
5. Organs will then form organ systems
6. Once all of these steps are achieved it will turn into an organism
What are emergent properties (CC2) - Answers Emergent properties are properties that come
from various interacting components within a system.
However, these properties didn't originally belong to the components.
Define homeostasis (CC2) - Answers Homeostasis is the internal balance of the body,
regulation both internal and external stimuli.
How homeostasis is maintained (CC2) - Answers 1. Homeostasis is maintained by having
sensors, for lack of a better word, sense for stimuli.
2. These sensors are constantly sending information to the control center, the control center
knows the set point for homeostasis, interprets input, makes decisions, and sends commands.
3. The effector is what reacts to the commands that are sent by the control sensor causing two
different types of feedback, negative feedback and positive feedback.
What is positive feedback (CC2) - Answers Positive feedback loops reenforce original stimulus
they are self-amplifying, causing a loop till the stimuli is removed
When are positive feedback loops present (CC2) - Answers Positive feedback only occurs
durning labor, blood clots, and nursing
,What is negative feedback (CC2) - Answers A response to a change in the body that counteracts
or opposes the initial/external stimuli
General functions of the nervous system (CC2) - Answers Control center for homeostasis
Direct movement of body
Allow communication between body parts
General functions of the endocrine system (CC2) - Answers Helps regulate homeostasis by
producing hormones
General functions of the skeletal system (CC2) - Answers Provide framework for the body
Protects organs
Helps the body (works with muscular system)
Store minerals (calcium, phosphorus)
Produce red/white blood cells
Production occurs in the bones marrow
General functions of the muscular system (CC2) - Answers Skeletal muscle
Helps regulate body temperature
Function to move bones
Store sugar in the form of glycogen
Smooth muscleIs
Found in hollow organs
Cardiac muscle
Functions to move the heart
General functions of the digestive system (CC2) - Answers Break down food
Absorb nutrients
General functions of the respiratory systems (CC2) - Answers Allows exchange with the
environment
Moving oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body
Helps regulate blood pH
, Does this in conjunction with the kidneys
General functions of the cardiovascular system (CC2) - Answers It transports the following:
Oxygen and nutrients to the tissues of the body
Carbon dioxide and nitrogen waste from tissues of the body
It helps regulate:
Fluid balance in tissues
Body temperature
General functions of the urinary system (CC2) - Answers Excretion of metabolic waste products
Regulation of water and electrolyte balance
Regulation of body fluid osmolarity
Regulation of acid-base balance
Regulation of arterial BP
Gluconeogenesis
Secretion of hormones such as renin and erthyropoetin
General functions of the lymphatic system (CC2) - Answers Protect against pathogens
Draining tissue spaces of the interstitial fluid and general body
Fluid balance
Transportation of hormones, nutrients and waste
General functions of the integumentary system (CC2) - Answers Protection: of underlying
tissues and organs
Excretion of salts/water/organic wastes (glands)maintenance of normal body temp (insulation
and evaporation)
Production of melanin and keratin
Synthesis of vitamin D
Storage of lipids
Detection of touch, pain, vibration, and temperature stimuli
2025/2026
List the levels of biological organization, in order (CC 2) - Answers Atoms, molecules, cells,
tissues, organs, organ systems, then lastly an organism
Describe the relationship between structure and function (CC 2) - Answers The structure of an
object will always dictate the function of an object
What is structure (CC2) - Answers The structure is the makeup/arrangement of the object
What is function (CC2) - Answers This makeup of an object allows it to operate
What is the relationship between levels (CC2) - Answers 1. Atoms are the smallest things and
form molecules
2. Molecules combine to form cells
3. Cells are the first stages of life and multiple cells can combine to form tissues
4. There are several types of tissues but tissues can come together to form organs
5. Organs will then form organ systems
6. Once all of these steps are achieved it will turn into an organism
What are emergent properties (CC2) - Answers Emergent properties are properties that come
from various interacting components within a system.
However, these properties didn't originally belong to the components.
Define homeostasis (CC2) - Answers Homeostasis is the internal balance of the body,
regulation both internal and external stimuli.
How homeostasis is maintained (CC2) - Answers 1. Homeostasis is maintained by having
sensors, for lack of a better word, sense for stimuli.
2. These sensors are constantly sending information to the control center, the control center
knows the set point for homeostasis, interprets input, makes decisions, and sends commands.
3. The effector is what reacts to the commands that are sent by the control sensor causing two
different types of feedback, negative feedback and positive feedback.
What is positive feedback (CC2) - Answers Positive feedback loops reenforce original stimulus
they are self-amplifying, causing a loop till the stimuli is removed
When are positive feedback loops present (CC2) - Answers Positive feedback only occurs
durning labor, blood clots, and nursing
,What is negative feedback (CC2) - Answers A response to a change in the body that counteracts
or opposes the initial/external stimuli
General functions of the nervous system (CC2) - Answers Control center for homeostasis
Direct movement of body
Allow communication between body parts
General functions of the endocrine system (CC2) - Answers Helps regulate homeostasis by
producing hormones
General functions of the skeletal system (CC2) - Answers Provide framework for the body
Protects organs
Helps the body (works with muscular system)
Store minerals (calcium, phosphorus)
Produce red/white blood cells
Production occurs in the bones marrow
General functions of the muscular system (CC2) - Answers Skeletal muscle
Helps regulate body temperature
Function to move bones
Store sugar in the form of glycogen
Smooth muscleIs
Found in hollow organs
Cardiac muscle
Functions to move the heart
General functions of the digestive system (CC2) - Answers Break down food
Absorb nutrients
General functions of the respiratory systems (CC2) - Answers Allows exchange with the
environment
Moving oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body
Helps regulate blood pH
, Does this in conjunction with the kidneys
General functions of the cardiovascular system (CC2) - Answers It transports the following:
Oxygen and nutrients to the tissues of the body
Carbon dioxide and nitrogen waste from tissues of the body
It helps regulate:
Fluid balance in tissues
Body temperature
General functions of the urinary system (CC2) - Answers Excretion of metabolic waste products
Regulation of water and electrolyte balance
Regulation of body fluid osmolarity
Regulation of acid-base balance
Regulation of arterial BP
Gluconeogenesis
Secretion of hormones such as renin and erthyropoetin
General functions of the lymphatic system (CC2) - Answers Protect against pathogens
Draining tissue spaces of the interstitial fluid and general body
Fluid balance
Transportation of hormones, nutrients and waste
General functions of the integumentary system (CC2) - Answers Protection: of underlying
tissues and organs
Excretion of salts/water/organic wastes (glands)maintenance of normal body temp (insulation
and evaporation)
Production of melanin and keratin
Synthesis of vitamin D
Storage of lipids
Detection of touch, pain, vibration, and temperature stimuli
