BIOCHEMISTRY SHORT NOTES (For BS HND / Medical)
1. Introduction to Biochemistry
- Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes inside living organisms.
- It focuses on molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and how they work in the
body.
- It explains metabolism, energy production, enzymes, and cellular functions.
2. Carbohydrates
Definition:
Organic compounds made of C, H, O; main source of energy.
Types:
1. Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose, Galactose
2. Disaccharides: Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose
3. Polysaccharides: Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose
Functions:
- Immediate energy
- Energy storage (glycogen)
- Structural role in plants
3. Proteins
Definition:
Polymers of amino acids; essential for growth and repair.
Structure Levels:
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Tertiary
1. Introduction to Biochemistry
- Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes inside living organisms.
- It focuses on molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and how they work in the
body.
- It explains metabolism, energy production, enzymes, and cellular functions.
2. Carbohydrates
Definition:
Organic compounds made of C, H, O; main source of energy.
Types:
1. Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose, Galactose
2. Disaccharides: Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose
3. Polysaccharides: Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose
Functions:
- Immediate energy
- Energy storage (glycogen)
- Structural role in plants
3. Proteins
Definition:
Polymers of amino acids; essential for growth and repair.
Structure Levels:
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Tertiary
