CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CONCEPTS AND CONNECTIONS ACTUAL EXAM 2026

CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CONCEPTS AND
CONNECTIONS ACTUAL EXAM 2026

◉ Hydrocarbons. Answer: An organic compound composed only of
the elements Carbon and Hydrogen.


◉ Carbon Skeleton. Answer: The chain of Carbon molecules that
forms the structural backbone of an organic molecule.


◉ Isomers. Answer: Organic compounds with the same molecular
formula but different structures and, therefore, different properties.


◉ Functional Groups. Answer: A specific configuration of atoms
commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules
and involved in chemical reactions.


◉ Hydrophilic. Answer: "Water-loving"; pertaining to polar or
charged molecules (or parts of molecules) that are soluble in water.


◉ Hydroxyl Group. Answer: -OH


◉ Carbonyl Group. Answer: \
C=O

, /


◉ Carboxyl Group. Answer: -COOH


◉ Amino Group. Answer: -NH 2


◉ Phosphate Group. Answer: -part of the DNA backbone


◉ Methyl Group. Answer: -CH3


◉ Macromolecules. Answer: A giant molecule formed by the joining
of smaller molecules, usually by a dehydration reaction: a protein,
carbohydrate, or nucleic acid.


◉ Polymers. Answer: A large molecule consisting of many identical
or similar monomers linked together by covalent bonds.


◉ Monomers. Answer: The subunit that serves as the building block
of a polymer.


◉ Dehydration Reaction. Answer: A chemical reaction in which two
molecules become covalently bonded to each other with the removal
of a water molecule.