PAPER QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS 2026
GRADED A+.
⫸ • health inequality - the uneven distribution of health or health
resources as a result of genetic or other factors related to health access
⫸ • health inequity - the preventable differences in health that arise
from the poor governance or social exclusion of underserved and
vulnerable groups
⫸ • health equity - a situation where everyone has the opportunity to
attain their highest health potential
⫸ • cultural competence - the ability of individuals and organizations
to effectively deliver services in a manner that is respectful of and
responsive to the cultural, social, and linguistic needs of diverse
populations
⫸ • linguistic competence - the capability of healthcare providers to
effectively communicate and provide services to individuals with
limited English proficiency
, ⫸ • cultural values - the beliefs, practices, and norms that vary among
different cultures and can influence patients' perceptions and
experiences of healthcare
⫸ • poverty - the state of being extremely poor; a known precursor to
the disease and death prevalence that remains higher among low-
income and minority populations
⫸ • social determinants of health - the conditions in which people
live, work, and play that influence quality of life and health outcomes
⫸ • disability - difficulty in physical or mental functioning, including
challenges with walking, climbing, hearing, seeing, or cognitive
functions
⫸ • sexual orientation - an individual's sexual identity in relation to
the gender to which they are attracted
⫸ • lesbian - gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and asexual
(LGBTQIA+), describes different sexual orientations and gender
identities
⫸ • organizational culture - an organization's value systems and its
collection of guiding principles
⫸ • cultural sustainability - the enduring aspect of organizational
culture