NURS 1160 MIDTERM Exam Questions
and Answers Graded A+
Infection - Correct answer-Invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or
microorganisms, resulting in disease.
Define the six steps/parts in the chain of infection - Correct answer-1. Infectious
agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
4. Mode of transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible host
Define microorganism - Correct answer-Any organism of microscopic or
submicroscopic size. Include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa
Define pathogen - Correct answer-A microorganism that causes disease
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,Define communicable disease - Correct answer-A disease that can be transmitted
directly from one person to another. (infectious or contagious)
Define colonization - Correct answer-The presence and growth of microorganisms
within a host but without tissue invasion or damage
Symptomatic - Correct answer-A disease where pathogens multiply and and cause
clinical signs and symptoms.
Asymptomatic - Correct answer-A disease where there are no clinical signs or
symptoms present.
Virulence - Correct answer-A microorganism's ability to produce disease.
Immunocompromised - Correct answer-Having an impaired immune system.
Reservoir - Correct answer-A place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and
await transfer to a susceptible host.
Localized - Correct answer-An infection that occurs only in one area (i.e. a wound
infection).
Systemic - Correct answer-An infection that affects the entire body.
Normal floras - Correct answer-Microorganisms that don't cause disease when
residing in their usual area of the body but instead participate in maintaining
health.
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,Superinfection - Correct answer-An infection that develops when broad-spectrum
antibiotics eliminate a wide range of normal flora organisms, not just the ones
causing infection.
Inflammation - Correct answer-The protective cellular response of the body to
injury, infection, or irritation.
Necrotic - Correct answer-Of or pertaining to the death of tissue in response to
disease or injury.
Inflammatory Exudate can be: - Correct answer-Serous (clear, watery)
Sanguineous (bloody drainage)
Serosanguineous (thin watery drainage with blood)
Purulent (thick drainage containing pus)
Exudates - Correct answer-Fluid and cells, such as pus or serum, that are
discharged from cells or blood vessels.
Edema - Correct answer-Localized swelling that results from accumulation of
fluid.
Serous - Correct answer-Exudate that is clear.
Sanguineous - Correct answer-Exudate that contains red blood cells.
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, Purulent - Correct answer-Exudate that contains white blood cells and bacteria.
Health care associated infections - Correct answer-Infections that result from the
delivery of health services in a health care facility due to invasive procedures,
antibiotic administration, the presence of multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs),
and breaks in infection prevention and control.
Multidrug resistant organisms - Correct answer-What does "MDROs" stand for?
Exogenous infection - Correct answer-An infection that comes from
microorganisms found outside the individual.
Endogenous infection - Correct answer-An infection resulting from part of a
patient's flora becoming altered and overgrowing
Iatrogenic infections - Correct answer-A type of HAI caused by an invasive
diagnostic or therapeutic procedure.
Define nosocomial infection - Correct answer-an infection acquired during
hospitalization (HAI)
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) - Correct answer-Meticulous hand hygiene
practice, the use of chlorhexidine washes for bathing and personal hygiene care,
and advances in ICU infection prevention are mechanisms to prevent what?
Types of precautions - Correct answer-standard, airborne, droplet, contact
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and Answers Graded A+
Infection - Correct answer-Invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or
microorganisms, resulting in disease.
Define the six steps/parts in the chain of infection - Correct answer-1. Infectious
agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
4. Mode of transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible host
Define microorganism - Correct answer-Any organism of microscopic or
submicroscopic size. Include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa
Define pathogen - Correct answer-A microorganism that causes disease
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,Define communicable disease - Correct answer-A disease that can be transmitted
directly from one person to another. (infectious or contagious)
Define colonization - Correct answer-The presence and growth of microorganisms
within a host but without tissue invasion or damage
Symptomatic - Correct answer-A disease where pathogens multiply and and cause
clinical signs and symptoms.
Asymptomatic - Correct answer-A disease where there are no clinical signs or
symptoms present.
Virulence - Correct answer-A microorganism's ability to produce disease.
Immunocompromised - Correct answer-Having an impaired immune system.
Reservoir - Correct answer-A place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and
await transfer to a susceptible host.
Localized - Correct answer-An infection that occurs only in one area (i.e. a wound
infection).
Systemic - Correct answer-An infection that affects the entire body.
Normal floras - Correct answer-Microorganisms that don't cause disease when
residing in their usual area of the body but instead participate in maintaining
health.
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,Superinfection - Correct answer-An infection that develops when broad-spectrum
antibiotics eliminate a wide range of normal flora organisms, not just the ones
causing infection.
Inflammation - Correct answer-The protective cellular response of the body to
injury, infection, or irritation.
Necrotic - Correct answer-Of or pertaining to the death of tissue in response to
disease or injury.
Inflammatory Exudate can be: - Correct answer-Serous (clear, watery)
Sanguineous (bloody drainage)
Serosanguineous (thin watery drainage with blood)
Purulent (thick drainage containing pus)
Exudates - Correct answer-Fluid and cells, such as pus or serum, that are
discharged from cells or blood vessels.
Edema - Correct answer-Localized swelling that results from accumulation of
fluid.
Serous - Correct answer-Exudate that is clear.
Sanguineous - Correct answer-Exudate that contains red blood cells.
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, Purulent - Correct answer-Exudate that contains white blood cells and bacteria.
Health care associated infections - Correct answer-Infections that result from the
delivery of health services in a health care facility due to invasive procedures,
antibiotic administration, the presence of multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs),
and breaks in infection prevention and control.
Multidrug resistant organisms - Correct answer-What does "MDROs" stand for?
Exogenous infection - Correct answer-An infection that comes from
microorganisms found outside the individual.
Endogenous infection - Correct answer-An infection resulting from part of a
patient's flora becoming altered and overgrowing
Iatrogenic infections - Correct answer-A type of HAI caused by an invasive
diagnostic or therapeutic procedure.
Define nosocomial infection - Correct answer-an infection acquired during
hospitalization (HAI)
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) - Correct answer-Meticulous hand hygiene
practice, the use of chlorhexidine washes for bathing and personal hygiene care,
and advances in ICU infection prevention are mechanisms to prevent what?
Types of precautions - Correct answer-standard, airborne, droplet, contact
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