Final Exam Hot Topics 100 questions. More ?s on pregnancy, L/D, PP, NB This list is not all inclusive! The more lecture time, the more questions per topic. Women’s Health:

Final Exam Hot Topics 100 questions. More ?s on pregnancy, L/D, PP, NB This list is not all inclusive! The more lecture time, the more questions per topic. Women’s Health: • Fetal mortality-death 20wks or older • Neotantl mortality- death in first 28days • Infant mortality dealth in first 12 months • Reproductive Hormones: • Menstrual cycle-divided into two uterine and ovarian o Ovarian- develpes oocyte w/in ovaries ALWAYS 14 DAYS BEFORE MENTRATION  (FSH 1-14days/28) produces ovum and luteinizing (Lh 15-28/28days) o Uterine cycle  Menstrual  Proliferative  Secretory  Ischemic o 1. Follicular/proliferation o 2. Luteal/secretory phase o 3. Ischemic o 4. Menstrual phase • Follicle-stimulating hormone 1-14 (FSH) • Luteinizing hormone (LH) surge causes release of ovum o Mom will have increased temp ½ day after ovulation • Estrogen thickens uterus for implantation (helps get the body pregnant)-secreted by the ovaries, increased during pregnacy • Progesterone- helps the body stay pregnant produced by the placenta-given to women at high risk for iscarragies • HCG-hormone that is tested for pregnancy • human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)=glycoprotein, earliest biochemical marker for pregnancy o detectable in 5% 8 days after conception and 98% by day 11 o HCG levels double every 48-72hr until they peak approx 60-70 days after fertilization o HCG corresponds to morning sickness period approximately 6-12 wks o Doubling time of hCG has been used as a marker to differentiate normal from abnorm gestations  Low levels-ectopic pregnancy  High levels- molar preg or multiple gestational pregnancy Osteoporosis Risks lack of bone density in post metapalsalwoman … wht can we do to reduce osteoporosis possibly meds on test , small thin woman are at risk -walking and weight bearing exercise can help reduce chances Post-op Hysterectomy Care general who might do it; someone with endometriosis, watch for hemorrhage age, internal healing takes up to 12 weeks, needs to increase need vit d and calcium supplements HPV why do we want to prevent what can it cause complication; -can lead to cervical cancer or genital worts that may not itch or hurt -Getting the HPV vaccine before any sexual activity is the best way to prevent HPV infection, but if you’re under 45 and haven’t been vaccinated (or you started the vaccination series but didn’t finish it), talk to your provider about getting the vaccine. Endometriosis s/s classical…what we might see when treatment fails; • may be asymptomatic -Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) -Dysparenuia (painful vaginal penetration/sex) -Dyschesia ( painful bowel movements) -Dysuria (painful urination) - Also pain may be in form of -Backache -Acute abdomen pain -Intense premenstrual syndrome -Bleeding -can lead to infertility or hysterotomy Contraception and Breastfeeding types that might be used with bf and how does it relate to contraceptive; Spermicides-N-9 increase the transmission of HIV o Emergency contracptives taken w/in 72hrs o No birth control until milk is established possibly progesterone “minin pill” Breast Cancer Psycho-social adjustment nursing interventions *Pregnancy: Diet-Folic found in leafy veg, dried peas, beans, seed, oj. breads, cereal grans have fortified folic -8-10 glass of h20 daily -Calcium-leafy greens, dairy gravita (how many pregnancies) t-term p- preterm-abortion-living -GTPAL(twins, 3babies at home, 1miscarage=gravida=6 ; • Pregnancy is Divided into three trimesters of 13 weeks each • Gravida = # of pregnancies • Para= # of births after 20 weeks • GTPAL o Term (# infants born or = 37 weeks) o Preterm (#infants born 20 & 37 weeks) o Abortions (# of spontaneous or therapeutic) o Living children (# currently living children) o Term: Born between 38-42 weeks o Preterm: Born between 20-37 weeks o Abortions: Spontaneous and Elective o Living: Currently Living Nagele’s Rule (back 3 months add 7 days)ex july 1st =+9 plus 7 days; Danger signs of prgacy vag bleeding, visual issues, abdom pain could be preterm labor, rock hard abdomen could be abruption placenta,; • High levels of alph feto( hormone produced by fetus) is associated with neural tube defects or multiple gestation • Low alfa fetal protein- associated with down syndrome • Quad test involves four diff hormone and protein test such as afp protein to look for defects usally 16-18wks prg • Biophysical profile-fetal breathing movement , fetal tone, amniotic fluid volume • Amino-lung maturity-neural • First trimester-need to report to dr o Burning on urination foul smell -infection o Severe vomiting (hyperemesis) o Diarrhea infection o Fever/chills o Abd cramp/ vag bleeding (miscarriage/ectopic)  Miscarriage- vag bleeding, uterine crmpin, partial/complete expulsion  Ectopic, -abrupt, unilateral, lower quad abd stabbing pain with/w/o bleeding • Scant dark red spotting 6-8 wks after normal menses ……………………………………CONTINUED………………………………………….