CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT - COMPUTER

WEEK 2
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
(CPU)




CPU
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is a small electronic chip located
inside the system unit. It resides on the motherboard. It is referred to as
Microprocessor or simply Processor.




FUNCTIONS OF THE CPU
1. The CPU controls and manipulates data to produce information.
2. It is the part of the computer that carries out the processing of data in
the system.
3. It stands between the input and output devices of the computer.
4. The CPU receives incoming data and instructions, work upon the
data as instructed by the program (set of instructions) and sends to
destination unit, which may be disk, printer or monitor.
5. The CPU is the brain and the heart of the computer system.




CPU

, Memory Unit




Input Unit Control Unit Output Unit



Arithmetic
and Logic Unit
(ALU)
Processor




Auxiliary / Storage
Secondary Unit


Conceptual Diagram of a Computer
NOTE:
(i) Central Processing Unit = Main Memory + Control Unit +
Arithmetic and Logic Unit.
(ii) Processor = Control Unit + Arithmetic and Logic Unit.




COMPONENTS OF
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

It consists of three (3) hardware sections or components:

(1) The Main Memory