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A patient has right middle and lower lobe bacterial pneumonia and is expectorating rust-colored
sputum. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for this patient?
(A) Provide antibiotic therapy to cover MRSA.
(B) Turn the patient to the left to prevent hypoxemia.
(C) Withhold the enoxaparin that is prescribed for DVT prophylaxis.
(D) Maintain the head of the bed at less than 30°.
(B) Turn the patient to the left to prevent hypoxemia.
A patient had a pulmonary artery catheter, and the following values were obtained on the initial
shift assessment:
Blood pressure 82/48, heart rate 126 beats/minute, pulmonary artery pressure 22/10, central
venous pressure (CVP) 1 mmHg, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure 4 mmHg, cardiac output 3
L/minute, and systemic vascular resistance 1,600 dynes/s/cm-5
This patient requires the administration of:
(A) a fluid bolus of 500 mL of 0.9 normal saline.
(B) dopamine at 5 mcg/kg/min.
(C) dobutamine (Dobutrex) at 10 mcg/kg/min.
(D) nitroprusside (Nipride) at 1 mcg/kg/min.
(A) a fluid bolus of 500 mL of 0.9 normal saline.
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,A patient has been admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of esophageal varices and upper GI
bleeding, the third such admission in the last year. She is hemodynamically stable, and there is
no evidence of active bleeding at this time. Which of the following questions will provide the
nurse with the information needed to ensure that her patient understands her diagnosis?
(A) Why do you think you are sick?
(B) When did you experience your first symptoms?
(C) Does anyone else in your family have this bleeding problem?
(D) Do you consume alcohol on a regular basis?
(A) Why do you think you are sick?
A patient is demonstrating agitated behavior with a RASS score of +3. What is a priority
assessment for this patient?
(A) CAM-ICU
(B) SpO2
(C) BPS
(D) blood pressure
(B) SpO2
It is day 3 in the ICU for a 63-year-old female patient who presented with multiple trauma. She
is receiving mechanical ventilation, status post repair of a lacerated liver, and she has had a
chest tube insertion for a pneumothorax. Which of the following is appropriate for the patient
at this time?
(A) a chaplain consult
(B) palliative care
(C) a "No CPR" order
(D) a hospice consult
(B) palliative care
It is important to create a unit culture that is dedicated to patient safety, with a goal of zero
patient falls. Which of the following strategies is the responsibility of the individual nurse who is
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,caring for the patient rather than the unit manager?
(A) ensuring adequate staffing
(B) sharing data related to unit falls with and without injuries
(C) performing root cause analyses of unit falls
(D) documenting a patient's high fall risk status on the room whiteboard
(D) documenting a patient's high fall risk status on the room whiteboard
A patient's abdominal assessment reveals a complaint of dull abdominal pain, abdominal
distension, low-pitched bowel sounds, and a report of a change in bowel habits. This patient
most likely has which of the following problems?
(A) large bowel obstruction
(B) acute pancreatitis
(C) small bowel obstruction
(D) acute appendicitis
(A) large bowel obstruction
A patient who was admitted with a traumatic injury and multiple fractures has become
increasingly tachypneic, with a decrease in SpO2 that requires an increase in the FiO2 to 1.00
using a high-flow nasal cannula. An ABG is obtained with the following results: pH 7.52, pCO2
29, pO2 48, and HCO3 25. The lungs, which were clear previously, now have bibasilar crackles,
and the chest X-ray demonstrates a ground-glass appearance. This patient most likely has
developed which of the following?
(A) pneumothorax
(B) acute respiratory distress syndrome
(C) pulmonary embolus
(D) pneumonia
(B) acute respiratory distress syndrome
Which of the following may prevent vasospasm following a subarachnoid hemorrhage
secondary to a ruptured aneurysm?
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, (A) nimodipine (Nimotop)
(B) a loop diuretic, such as furosemide (Lasix)
(C) aminocaproic acid (Amicar)
(D) an osmotic diuretic, such as mannitol
(A) nimodipine (Nimotop)
A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Which of the following
findings would this patient be expected to manifest?
(A) hypermagnesemia, acidosis, hyperkalemia
(B) azotemia, hypocalcemia, alkalosis
(C) hypokalemia, acidosis, hypertension
(D) hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, acidosis
(A) hypermagnesemia, acidosis, hyperkalemia
The preceptor for a new nurse notices that the orientee is using the printed waveform strip of
the CVP to determine the reading rather than using the digital readout on the monitor. When
questioned about this practice, the orientee states that he had heard that assessing the printed
waveform is more accurate than using the digital display on the monitor. The preceptor has
never heard of this practice. What should the preceptor do?
(A) Instruct the new nurse on the usual unit practice of using the digital display Von of this
pressure on the monitor.
(B) Use the printed waveform strip to get the pressure and look at the digital readout on the
monitor, and then or compare the readings.
(C) Design a research study to compare the relationship between obtaining CVP measurements
using the printed waveform vs. the digital display.
(D) Review the current literature to identify evidence and recommendations related to this pr
(D) Review the current literature to identify evidence and recommendations related to this
practice.
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