BIOLOGY 1407 EXAM 5 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
/. List the Four Levels of Organization - Answer-✅Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
/.Epithelial membrane - Answer-✅Covers every surface of the vertebrae body, Provide
a protective layer, and Has remarkable regenerative powers.
/.Which of the following are involved in sweat, sebaceous and salivary secretions? -
Answer-✅Exocrine glands
/.Which of the following describes connective tissue? - Answer-✅Derive from
mesoderm, There are loose or dense types, and Can make up tendons and ligaments
/.Adipose Tissue happens in - Answer-✅Loose connective tissue
/.Which of the following are types of muscle tissues? - Answer-✅Smooth, Skeletal, and
Cardiac
/.Smooth muscle is found in _____, while skeletal muscle is found in _____. - Answer-
✅Walls of blood vessels, Attached to bones.
/.Cardiac muscle - Answer-✅Is composed of intercalated disks, Cells that have a single
nucleus, and Cells that come together to form a single functioning unit.
/.Nerve tissue include which of the following - Answer-✅Neurons, Neuroglia, and Cells
that conduct electrical impulses.
/.The CNS includes ____, while the PNS includes _____. - Answer-✅Brain and spinal
cord, nerves and ganglia.
/.Define heterotrophs and list the three types of heterotrophs. - Answer-✅Heterotrophs
are the consumers in the food chain, particularly the herbivores, carnivores and
omnivores. All animals, some fungi and most bacteria are heterotrophs. They are not
capable of producing their own food. An organism is heterotroph if it obtains its carbon
from organic compounds.
, 1. Herbivores are animals that eat plants exclusively
2. Carnivores are animals that eat other animals
3. Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and other animals
/.List 6 vertebrate organs of the digestive system? - Answer-✅Consists of a tubular
gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs such as liver.
1. Mouth and pharynx - entry
2. Esophagus - delivers food to stomach
3. Stomach - preliminary digestion
4. Small intestine - digestion and absorption
5. Large intestine - absorption of water and minerals
6. Cloaca or rectum - expel waste
/.What are the 3 accessory organs of the digestive system? - Answer-✅Liver,
Gallbladder, Pancreas
/.Describe at least two characteristics of the small intestine. - Answer-✅About 4.5 m
long - small diameter, Receives Chyme from stomach, Digestive enzymes and
bicarbonate from pancreas, Bile from liver and gallbladder, Epithelial wall is covered
with villi
& Villi are covered by microvilli which Greatly increase surface area, Microvilli
participate in digestion and absorption.
/.Describe the process of absorption in the digestive system. - Answer-✅Amino acids
and monosaccharides are transported through epithelial cells to blood. Blood carries
these products to the liver via the hepatic portal vein. Fatty acids and monoglycerides
diffuse into epithelial cells. Reassembled into triglycerides and then chylomicrons. Enter
the lymphatic system and later join the circulatory system. Almost all fluid reabsorbed in
small intestine.
/.Describe at least two characteristics of the large intestine. - Answer-✅Much shorter
than small intestine, but has larger diameter. Small intestine empties directly into the
large intestine at a junction where two vestigial structures, cecum and appendix, remain.
No digestion occurs. Function to reabsorb water, remaining electrolytes, and vitamin K.
Prepare waste for expulsion.
/.Why is the liver such an important part of the digestive process? - Answer-✅Remove
toxins. Body's largest internal organ. Secretes bile, Bile pigments (waste products) and
bile salts (for emulsification of fats).
/.What is Glycogenolysis?
What is Gluconeogenesis? - Answer-✅(When blood glucose levels decrease)
Glycogenolysis - glucagon stimulates liver to break down glycogen to release glucose
into blood.
Gluconeogenesis - liver converts other molecules into glucose if fasting continues.
ANSWERS
/. List the Four Levels of Organization - Answer-✅Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
/.Epithelial membrane - Answer-✅Covers every surface of the vertebrae body, Provide
a protective layer, and Has remarkable regenerative powers.
/.Which of the following are involved in sweat, sebaceous and salivary secretions? -
Answer-✅Exocrine glands
/.Which of the following describes connective tissue? - Answer-✅Derive from
mesoderm, There are loose or dense types, and Can make up tendons and ligaments
/.Adipose Tissue happens in - Answer-✅Loose connective tissue
/.Which of the following are types of muscle tissues? - Answer-✅Smooth, Skeletal, and
Cardiac
/.Smooth muscle is found in _____, while skeletal muscle is found in _____. - Answer-
✅Walls of blood vessels, Attached to bones.
/.Cardiac muscle - Answer-✅Is composed of intercalated disks, Cells that have a single
nucleus, and Cells that come together to form a single functioning unit.
/.Nerve tissue include which of the following - Answer-✅Neurons, Neuroglia, and Cells
that conduct electrical impulses.
/.The CNS includes ____, while the PNS includes _____. - Answer-✅Brain and spinal
cord, nerves and ganglia.
/.Define heterotrophs and list the three types of heterotrophs. - Answer-✅Heterotrophs
are the consumers in the food chain, particularly the herbivores, carnivores and
omnivores. All animals, some fungi and most bacteria are heterotrophs. They are not
capable of producing their own food. An organism is heterotroph if it obtains its carbon
from organic compounds.
, 1. Herbivores are animals that eat plants exclusively
2. Carnivores are animals that eat other animals
3. Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and other animals
/.List 6 vertebrate organs of the digestive system? - Answer-✅Consists of a tubular
gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs such as liver.
1. Mouth and pharynx - entry
2. Esophagus - delivers food to stomach
3. Stomach - preliminary digestion
4. Small intestine - digestion and absorption
5. Large intestine - absorption of water and minerals
6. Cloaca or rectum - expel waste
/.What are the 3 accessory organs of the digestive system? - Answer-✅Liver,
Gallbladder, Pancreas
/.Describe at least two characteristics of the small intestine. - Answer-✅About 4.5 m
long - small diameter, Receives Chyme from stomach, Digestive enzymes and
bicarbonate from pancreas, Bile from liver and gallbladder, Epithelial wall is covered
with villi
& Villi are covered by microvilli which Greatly increase surface area, Microvilli
participate in digestion and absorption.
/.Describe the process of absorption in the digestive system. - Answer-✅Amino acids
and monosaccharides are transported through epithelial cells to blood. Blood carries
these products to the liver via the hepatic portal vein. Fatty acids and monoglycerides
diffuse into epithelial cells. Reassembled into triglycerides and then chylomicrons. Enter
the lymphatic system and later join the circulatory system. Almost all fluid reabsorbed in
small intestine.
/.Describe at least two characteristics of the large intestine. - Answer-✅Much shorter
than small intestine, but has larger diameter. Small intestine empties directly into the
large intestine at a junction where two vestigial structures, cecum and appendix, remain.
No digestion occurs. Function to reabsorb water, remaining electrolytes, and vitamin K.
Prepare waste for expulsion.
/.Why is the liver such an important part of the digestive process? - Answer-✅Remove
toxins. Body's largest internal organ. Secretes bile, Bile pigments (waste products) and
bile salts (for emulsification of fats).
/.What is Glycogenolysis?
What is Gluconeogenesis? - Answer-✅(When blood glucose levels decrease)
Glycogenolysis - glucagon stimulates liver to break down glycogen to release glucose
into blood.
Gluconeogenesis - liver converts other molecules into glucose if fasting continues.
