VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO IMMUNE SYSTEM
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What causes the pathogenic response in FIP - Correct Answers -The immune response
What are the physical barriers - Correct Answers -skin: normal flora on skin and GI tract
what are the mechical process that protect the body - Correct Answers -"self-cleaning"
processes in
-respiratory tract: coughing, sneezing, mucocilliary flow,
-GI tract: Vomiting and diarrhea
what are the three types of immunity - Correct Answers -innate immunity
passive immunity
acquired (adaptive immunity)
how long does the innate immune system take to respond - Correct Answers -
immediately (mins to hrs)
inflammation - Correct Answers -a focused response (to tissue damage): results in
increased blood flow, accumulation of cells to area of tissue damage (such as microbial
invasion)
a primary response
swelling and red
very directed response so it goes directly to the affected area
why is the innate immune response necessary - Correct Answers -without it the body
will die from overwhelming infections...but alone is not enough to protect against
invaders
what cells make up the cellular innate system - Correct Answers -macrophages
neutrophils
NK cells
what does the cellular innate system do? - Correct Answers -detect invaders
eat invaders (phagocytic cells)
kill invaders
, kill virus infected cells (natural killer cells can eat host cells)
what molecular are involved in the innate immune system - Correct Answers -cytokines,
complement proteins, enzymes
what is the molecular part of the innate immune system called and what does it include -
Correct Answers -humoral innate= soluble factors (molecules) of the innate immune
system
what is the job of humoral innate system - Correct Answers -bind and kill invaders
(helps the cells see the antigen)
coat invaders so cells can kill them
block microbial growth
prevent microbial spread
mobilize body defenses
what do the neutrophils and macrophages try to do? - Correct Answers -want to kill the
organisms directly
ID and kill invading microbes
have surface receptors that can bind molecules on microbes
Natural killer cells (NK cells) - Correct Answers -can kill infected Host cells and host
tumor cells
can recognize when to kill a host cell
what are the important characteristics of the innate immune system - Correct Answers -
lacks memory: can't improve with subsequent exposure to the microbe: not
maturation/education process
inflammation: the major innate defense process
first line of defense
how is the acquired immune system "Smart" - Correct Answers -recognize foreign
invaders
destroys them
and retains the memory of the specific encounter
can respond faster and more effectively on subsequent encounters with same invader
what are examples of foreign invaders - Correct Answers -microbes; allergens; tissue
graft from non identical twin
what level of specificity does acquired immunity have - Correct Answers -knows exactly
what it is fighting down to the strand
ex: it can tell the difference between the different strands of covid through spike proteins
generation of lymphocytes that recognize specific molecules of specific foreign invaders
can distinguish
"self" from "non-self" and only respond to non self
INTRODUCTION TO IMMUNE SYSTEM
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What causes the pathogenic response in FIP - Correct Answers -The immune response
What are the physical barriers - Correct Answers -skin: normal flora on skin and GI tract
what are the mechical process that protect the body - Correct Answers -"self-cleaning"
processes in
-respiratory tract: coughing, sneezing, mucocilliary flow,
-GI tract: Vomiting and diarrhea
what are the three types of immunity - Correct Answers -innate immunity
passive immunity
acquired (adaptive immunity)
how long does the innate immune system take to respond - Correct Answers -
immediately (mins to hrs)
inflammation - Correct Answers -a focused response (to tissue damage): results in
increased blood flow, accumulation of cells to area of tissue damage (such as microbial
invasion)
a primary response
swelling and red
very directed response so it goes directly to the affected area
why is the innate immune response necessary - Correct Answers -without it the body
will die from overwhelming infections...but alone is not enough to protect against
invaders
what cells make up the cellular innate system - Correct Answers -macrophages
neutrophils
NK cells
what does the cellular innate system do? - Correct Answers -detect invaders
eat invaders (phagocytic cells)
kill invaders
, kill virus infected cells (natural killer cells can eat host cells)
what molecular are involved in the innate immune system - Correct Answers -cytokines,
complement proteins, enzymes
what is the molecular part of the innate immune system called and what does it include -
Correct Answers -humoral innate= soluble factors (molecules) of the innate immune
system
what is the job of humoral innate system - Correct Answers -bind and kill invaders
(helps the cells see the antigen)
coat invaders so cells can kill them
block microbial growth
prevent microbial spread
mobilize body defenses
what do the neutrophils and macrophages try to do? - Correct Answers -want to kill the
organisms directly
ID and kill invading microbes
have surface receptors that can bind molecules on microbes
Natural killer cells (NK cells) - Correct Answers -can kill infected Host cells and host
tumor cells
can recognize when to kill a host cell
what are the important characteristics of the innate immune system - Correct Answers -
lacks memory: can't improve with subsequent exposure to the microbe: not
maturation/education process
inflammation: the major innate defense process
first line of defense
how is the acquired immune system "Smart" - Correct Answers -recognize foreign
invaders
destroys them
and retains the memory of the specific encounter
can respond faster and more effectively on subsequent encounters with same invader
what are examples of foreign invaders - Correct Answers -microbes; allergens; tissue
graft from non identical twin
what level of specificity does acquired immunity have - Correct Answers -knows exactly
what it is fighting down to the strand
ex: it can tell the difference between the different strands of covid through spike proteins
generation of lymphocytes that recognize specific molecules of specific foreign invaders
can distinguish
"self" from "non-self" and only respond to non self
