MICROBIOLOGY UNIT 1 AND 2 EXAM 1 2026/2027 ||
MICROBIOLOGY REVIEW || VERIFIED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS || HIGH-YIELD STUDY GUIDE || COMPLETE TEST
BANK || GRADED A+
(The answer appears before the question)
Ignorant
Lacking knowledge or awareness in general; uneducated or unsophisticated.
Microbes
Any microscopic organism. Mainly bacteria, protists, some fungi, and even
some tiny multi-cellular organisms.
Microbiome/microbiota
Microbes that live stably(that cause no harm) in and on the human body.
Natural vaginal seeding
Transfer of microbes from vaginal canal to baby. Bacteria that is acquired is
when a baby is born naturally , due to vaginal mucous transferring mucous.
Artificial Vaginal Seeding
Inoculating a cotton gauze or a cotton swab with vaginal fluids to transfer the
vaginal flora to the mouth, nose, or skin of a newborn infant.
Antibiotic
A chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the reproduction
rate of other organisms. Which is taken and made into medication.
Why is vitamin K given to newborns?
Prevent bleeding and hemorrhage.
Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding
A condition where there is not enough vitamin k in the babies blood and the
blood is unable to clot.
What kinds of complications can come with not having Vitamin K as a
newborn?
Puts newborn at risk for bleeding. 81x more likely to develop VKDB.
Vitamins K shot refusal.
, 3.2% to 31% in the U.S.
Breast Milk in regards to microflora/microbiota.
10% of nutrients in Breast milk goes towards the microflora/microbiota in the
babies stomach.
By stopping breastfeeding to early it could potentiality have negative
connotations to the infant because they would no longer be receiving
antibodies/good bacteria.
Colonization of microbes and newborns.
This will be skin to skin contact with a baby will transfer microbes. Animals
can also transfer microbes to the baby.
true or false: Parents who refuse Vitamin K *shot for babies are more likely to
refuse immunizations.
True
Artifical selection (class 1)
The selective breeding of organisms by humans for specific characteristics, also
known as Domestication.
GMO (genetically modified organisms (class 2))
Genetically modified organism made when DNA is removed from one organism
and placed within the DNA of what can be a very different organism.
Genetic engineering (class 2)
Taking the desired characteristics from the DNA of a organism. These
characteristics will appear in one generation.
Selective Breeding
The process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be parents of the next
generation.
Epidemiology
The study of the cause, spread, control of disease, injury and cause of death.
Alveoli
Tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and
blood.
Emphysema
MICROBIOLOGY REVIEW || VERIFIED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS || HIGH-YIELD STUDY GUIDE || COMPLETE TEST
BANK || GRADED A+
(The answer appears before the question)
Ignorant
Lacking knowledge or awareness in general; uneducated or unsophisticated.
Microbes
Any microscopic organism. Mainly bacteria, protists, some fungi, and even
some tiny multi-cellular organisms.
Microbiome/microbiota
Microbes that live stably(that cause no harm) in and on the human body.
Natural vaginal seeding
Transfer of microbes from vaginal canal to baby. Bacteria that is acquired is
when a baby is born naturally , due to vaginal mucous transferring mucous.
Artificial Vaginal Seeding
Inoculating a cotton gauze or a cotton swab with vaginal fluids to transfer the
vaginal flora to the mouth, nose, or skin of a newborn infant.
Antibiotic
A chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the reproduction
rate of other organisms. Which is taken and made into medication.
Why is vitamin K given to newborns?
Prevent bleeding and hemorrhage.
Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding
A condition where there is not enough vitamin k in the babies blood and the
blood is unable to clot.
What kinds of complications can come with not having Vitamin K as a
newborn?
Puts newborn at risk for bleeding. 81x more likely to develop VKDB.
Vitamins K shot refusal.
, 3.2% to 31% in the U.S.
Breast Milk in regards to microflora/microbiota.
10% of nutrients in Breast milk goes towards the microflora/microbiota in the
babies stomach.
By stopping breastfeeding to early it could potentiality have negative
connotations to the infant because they would no longer be receiving
antibodies/good bacteria.
Colonization of microbes and newborns.
This will be skin to skin contact with a baby will transfer microbes. Animals
can also transfer microbes to the baby.
true or false: Parents who refuse Vitamin K *shot for babies are more likely to
refuse immunizations.
True
Artifical selection (class 1)
The selective breeding of organisms by humans for specific characteristics, also
known as Domestication.
GMO (genetically modified organisms (class 2))
Genetically modified organism made when DNA is removed from one organism
and placed within the DNA of what can be a very different organism.
Genetic engineering (class 2)
Taking the desired characteristics from the DNA of a organism. These
characteristics will appear in one generation.
Selective Breeding
The process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be parents of the next
generation.
Epidemiology
The study of the cause, spread, control of disease, injury and cause of death.
Alveoli
Tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and
blood.
Emphysema
