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Griffith's experiments with heat killed pathogenic bacteria
and live non-pathogenic bacteria indicated something from
the dead bacteria could do something to the living, non-
pathogenic bacteria that he called transformation. What
changes were observed in colony appearance and
pathogenicity? - Answer-When the heat-killed S cells were
mixed with the living R cells they combined and formed
living S cells- smooth encapsulated cells
What biological macromolecule did Avery, McCarty, and
MacLeod identify as Griffith's transforming factor - Answer-
DNA
Chromatin is composed of protein and DNA. Likewise
bacterial viruses (bacteriophage) are composed of DNA
and protein. In the Hershey and Chase experiments which
of these two molecules entered the bacterial cell and
which stayed on the outside? - Answer-S-protein stays
outside cells
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P-DNA enters cells
In the structure of DNA, what part of DNA synthesis
(replication) was obvious from the double-stranded
structure? - Answer-Semi-conservative
Replication is involved in which of the two major DNA
functions? - Answer-Hereditary Function
Transcription and translation are involved in which of the
two major DNA functions - Answer-Cell Regulation
Function
Name the 5 enzymes needed for DNA replication -
Answer-1. Helicase
2. DNA polymerase III
3. DNA polymerase I
4. Primase
5. Ligase
Name the DNA binding protein - Answer-Single-Stranded
DNA Binding Protein = SSBP
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What is the function of SSBP - Answer-1. Binds single-
stranded DNA
2. Permits replication to copy single strands
What is the function of Helicase - Answer-1. Unwinds DNA
2. Permits DNA strand separation
What is the function of DNA polymerase III - Answer-1.
Replicates DNA
2. Synthesizes long strands of DNA
What is the function of DNA polymerase I - Answer-1.
Repairs DNA
2. Cuts out mismatched DNA
3. Cuts out RNA
4. Synthesizes short strands of DNA
5. Replaces RNA primer with DNA
6. Proof-reads DNA