Pharmacology -Neurology
1.First Line Drug for:
*Absence Seizure*?: Ethosuximide’
2.Drugs for
*Absence Seizure*? (3): Ethosuximide [1st]’
’Valproic Acid ’Lamotrigine
3.First Line Drug for:
*Acute Status Epilepticus*?: Benzodiazepines’ 4. First Line Drug
for:
*Prophylaxis Status Epilepticus*?: Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin’
5. Drugs for
*Status Epilepticus*? (3): Benzodiazepines [1st; Acute]’
’Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin [1st;
Prophylaxis]
6. First Line Drug for:
*Tonic-Clonic Seizure*?: Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin’
’Valproic Acid
7. Drugs for
*Tonic Clonic Seizures*? (8): Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin [1st]’
’Valproic Acid [1st]
’Phenobarbital
,’Carbamazepine
’Topiramate
’Lamotrigine
’Levetiracetam
8. First Line Drug for:
*Partial (Focal) Seizure*?: Carbamazepine’
9. Drugs for
*Partial (Focal) Seizures*? (11): Carbamazepine [1st]’
’Phenobarbital
’Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin
’Valproic Acid
’Vigabatrin
’Gabapentin
’Topiramate
’Lamotrigine
’Levetiracetam ’Tiagabine
10. Seizure Drugs that:
*Block Ca+ Channel*?: Ethosuximide’
’Gabapentin
, Pharmacology -Neurology
11. Seizure Drugs that:
*Modulate GABA & Glutamate Release*?: Levetiracetam’ 12. Seizure Drugs that:
*Na+ Channel Inactivation*?‘ : Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin ’
’Carbamazepine
’Valproic Acid
13. Seizure Drugs that:
*Block Na+ Channel*?: Topiramate’
’Lamotrigine
14. Seizure Drugs that:
*GABA Action*?‘ : Benzodiazepines’
’Phenobarbital
’Topiramate
15. Seizure Drugs that:
*GABA Level*?‘ : Valproic Acid’
’Vigabatrin
’Tiagabine
GABA Level:‘
By Inhibiting Transaminase/Reuptake
16. *Ethosuximide* (Seizure Drug)
, - Use?
- Mechanism?
- Side Effects?: Use: *Absence Seizure* [1st]
Mechanism:
*’ Blocks Ca2+ Channels* (*Thalamic
T-Type*)
Side Effects: *E-FGHIJ*:
- Fatigue
- GI Distress
- Headache
- Itching (and Urticaria)
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
17. Treatment of *Status Epilepticus*: - Seizures *Lasting >5 min*
- *Multiple Discrete Seizures* with *Incomplete Recovery of Consciousness* between episodes Treatment:
- Concurrent *Lorazepam (Benzodiazepine)* & *Phenytoin*
18. Benzodiazepines
- Diazepam
- Lorazepam
- Midazolam (Seizure Drug)
- Use?
- Mechanism?
- *Side Effects*?: Use:
Status Epilepticus [1st; Acute]
Mechanism:
*’ GABA-A Action (Frequency)*‘
1.First Line Drug for:
*Absence Seizure*?: Ethosuximide’
2.Drugs for
*Absence Seizure*? (3): Ethosuximide [1st]’
’Valproic Acid ’Lamotrigine
3.First Line Drug for:
*Acute Status Epilepticus*?: Benzodiazepines’ 4. First Line Drug
for:
*Prophylaxis Status Epilepticus*?: Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin’
5. Drugs for
*Status Epilepticus*? (3): Benzodiazepines [1st; Acute]’
’Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin [1st;
Prophylaxis]
6. First Line Drug for:
*Tonic-Clonic Seizure*?: Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin’
’Valproic Acid
7. Drugs for
*Tonic Clonic Seizures*? (8): Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin [1st]’
’Valproic Acid [1st]
’Phenobarbital
,’Carbamazepine
’Topiramate
’Lamotrigine
’Levetiracetam
8. First Line Drug for:
*Partial (Focal) Seizure*?: Carbamazepine’
9. Drugs for
*Partial (Focal) Seizures*? (11): Carbamazepine [1st]’
’Phenobarbital
’Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin
’Valproic Acid
’Vigabatrin
’Gabapentin
’Topiramate
’Lamotrigine
’Levetiracetam ’Tiagabine
10. Seizure Drugs that:
*Block Ca+ Channel*?: Ethosuximide’
’Gabapentin
, Pharmacology -Neurology
11. Seizure Drugs that:
*Modulate GABA & Glutamate Release*?: Levetiracetam’ 12. Seizure Drugs that:
*Na+ Channel Inactivation*?‘ : Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin ’
’Carbamazepine
’Valproic Acid
13. Seizure Drugs that:
*Block Na+ Channel*?: Topiramate’
’Lamotrigine
14. Seizure Drugs that:
*GABA Action*?‘ : Benzodiazepines’
’Phenobarbital
’Topiramate
15. Seizure Drugs that:
*GABA Level*?‘ : Valproic Acid’
’Vigabatrin
’Tiagabine
GABA Level:‘
By Inhibiting Transaminase/Reuptake
16. *Ethosuximide* (Seizure Drug)
, - Use?
- Mechanism?
- Side Effects?: Use: *Absence Seizure* [1st]
Mechanism:
*’ Blocks Ca2+ Channels* (*Thalamic
T-Type*)
Side Effects: *E-FGHIJ*:
- Fatigue
- GI Distress
- Headache
- Itching (and Urticaria)
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
17. Treatment of *Status Epilepticus*: - Seizures *Lasting >5 min*
- *Multiple Discrete Seizures* with *Incomplete Recovery of Consciousness* between episodes Treatment:
- Concurrent *Lorazepam (Benzodiazepine)* & *Phenytoin*
18. Benzodiazepines
- Diazepam
- Lorazepam
- Midazolam (Seizure Drug)
- Use?
- Mechanism?
- *Side Effects*?: Use:
Status Epilepticus [1st; Acute]
Mechanism:
*’ GABA-A Action (Frequency)*‘
