NUR 635 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY EXAM
WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS||
GUARANTEED PASS|| ALREADY GRADED A+||
LATEST VERSION 2025
What is the consequence of increased hepatic enzyme production due to
prolonged drug exposure? - ANSWER-It increases the metabolism of the drug
but does not raise the minimal effective concentration (MEC).
What is the role of CYP2D6 in the metabolism of tamoxifen? - ANSWER-
CYP2D6 is necessary for converting tamoxifen to its active form, endoxifen.
What should a provider monitor in patients taking tamoxifen with CYP2D6
deficiency? - ANSWER-The provider should not prescribe tamoxifen, as it will
not be effective.
What is tachyphylaxis? - ANSWER-A reduction in drug responsiveness due to
repeated dosing over a short time.
What is the significance of the blood-brain barrier in infants regarding drug
administration? - ANSWER-It is not well developed, making infants more
sensitive to CNS-active medications.
What should be done if a patient experiences side effects from a new
medication? - ANSWER-Educate the patient on idiosyncratic responses and the
importance of reporting side effects.
,What is a common concern for patients taking Phenytoin? - ANSWER-
Bradycardia in cardiac patients.
What similar side effect do Carbamazepine and Phenytoin share? - ANSWER-
Both can cause serious skin reactions (SJS/TEN).
What is a concern for patients with low albumin levels taking Phenytoin? -
ANSWER-Free levels of Phenytoin will be higher in these patients.
What should be monitored periodically for patients on Valproic Acid? -
ANSWER-CBC and LFTs due to the risk of thrombocytopenia and hepatic
failure.
What is the concern regarding drug-drug interactions with Valproic Acid? -
ANSWER-It increases levels of Lamotrigine, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin,
Warfarin, and Zidovudine.
What is the risk of using Carbamazepine in patients with myelosuppression? -
ANSWER-It is contraindicated due to the risk of aplastic anemia and
agranulocytosis.
What should be monitored in patients taking Topiramate? - ANSWER-
Electrolytes, renal function, hydration, and eye exam (IOP).
What are the classic symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis? - ANSWER-Joint
swelling, pain, stiffness, weakness, difficulty moving, edema, and redness.
What is a common complaint related to stiffness in RA patients? - ANSWER-
Morning stiffness.
,What laboratory tests are useful in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis? -
ANSWER-Anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor
(RF).
What is the preferred initial therapy for most patients with RA? - ANSWER-
Methotrexate (MTX).
What is the treatment goal for rheumatoid arthritis? - ANSWER-Remission of
the disease or low disease activity.
What are the risks associated with using two biologic DMARDs in
combination? - ANSWER-Increased risk of serious (fatal) infections.
What are some common side effects of methotrexate? - ANSWER-
Hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, mucositis, and teratogenic effects.
When should methotrexate therapy be started? - ANSWER-Within 3 months of
diagnosis to delay joint degeneration.
What monitoring is required for patients on methotrexate? - ANSWER-CBC,
LFTs, chest X-ray, and hepatitis B and C serologies.
What is the purpose of giving folic acid with methotrexate? - ANSWER-To
decrease hematological, gastrointestinal, and hepatic side effects.
What are some common side effects of carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and
eslicarbazepine? - ANSWER-Hyponatremia, rash, and enzyme induction.
What are the side effects associated with phenobarbital and primidone? -
ANSWER-Sedation, dependence/tolerance/overdose risk, and enzyme
induction.
, What are the side effects of gabapentin and pregabalin? - ANSWER-Weight
gain, peripheral edema, and mild euphoria.
What are the side effects of topiramate and zonisamide? - ANSWER-Weight
loss, metabolic acidosis, nephrolithiasis, and oligohidrosis/hyperthermia in
children.
What is the concern regarding skin disorders with lamotrigine therapy? -
ANSWER-There is a risk of serious skin reactions such as SJS/TEN.
What is the concern for drug-drug interactions with lamotrigine? - ANSWER-
Valproic acid increases lamotrigine levels, while other drugs can decrease its
effectiveness.
Can lamotrigine be helpful in bipolar disorder? - ANSWER-Yes, lamotrigine
can be used in bipolar disorder with predominant depression symptoms.
What are the CNS side effects associated with Levetiracetam? - ANSWER-
Psychotic symptoms, somnolence, fatigue, irritability, dizziness, weakness, and
vomiting.
What are some serious warnings associated with Levetiracetam? - ANSWER-
Angioedema, SJS/TEN, anemia, hypertension, and loss of seizure control in
pregnancy.
What additional use does Topiramate have besides treating seizures? -
ANSWER-It can be used in migraine prevention.
What rare side effects are associated with Topiramate? - ANSWER-Metabolic
acidosis, oligohidrosis, hyperthermia in children, kidney stones, and visual
problems.
WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS||
GUARANTEED PASS|| ALREADY GRADED A+||
LATEST VERSION 2025
What is the consequence of increased hepatic enzyme production due to
prolonged drug exposure? - ANSWER-It increases the metabolism of the drug
but does not raise the minimal effective concentration (MEC).
What is the role of CYP2D6 in the metabolism of tamoxifen? - ANSWER-
CYP2D6 is necessary for converting tamoxifen to its active form, endoxifen.
What should a provider monitor in patients taking tamoxifen with CYP2D6
deficiency? - ANSWER-The provider should not prescribe tamoxifen, as it will
not be effective.
What is tachyphylaxis? - ANSWER-A reduction in drug responsiveness due to
repeated dosing over a short time.
What is the significance of the blood-brain barrier in infants regarding drug
administration? - ANSWER-It is not well developed, making infants more
sensitive to CNS-active medications.
What should be done if a patient experiences side effects from a new
medication? - ANSWER-Educate the patient on idiosyncratic responses and the
importance of reporting side effects.
,What is a common concern for patients taking Phenytoin? - ANSWER-
Bradycardia in cardiac patients.
What similar side effect do Carbamazepine and Phenytoin share? - ANSWER-
Both can cause serious skin reactions (SJS/TEN).
What is a concern for patients with low albumin levels taking Phenytoin? -
ANSWER-Free levels of Phenytoin will be higher in these patients.
What should be monitored periodically for patients on Valproic Acid? -
ANSWER-CBC and LFTs due to the risk of thrombocytopenia and hepatic
failure.
What is the concern regarding drug-drug interactions with Valproic Acid? -
ANSWER-It increases levels of Lamotrigine, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin,
Warfarin, and Zidovudine.
What is the risk of using Carbamazepine in patients with myelosuppression? -
ANSWER-It is contraindicated due to the risk of aplastic anemia and
agranulocytosis.
What should be monitored in patients taking Topiramate? - ANSWER-
Electrolytes, renal function, hydration, and eye exam (IOP).
What are the classic symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis? - ANSWER-Joint
swelling, pain, stiffness, weakness, difficulty moving, edema, and redness.
What is a common complaint related to stiffness in RA patients? - ANSWER-
Morning stiffness.
,What laboratory tests are useful in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis? -
ANSWER-Anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor
(RF).
What is the preferred initial therapy for most patients with RA? - ANSWER-
Methotrexate (MTX).
What is the treatment goal for rheumatoid arthritis? - ANSWER-Remission of
the disease or low disease activity.
What are the risks associated with using two biologic DMARDs in
combination? - ANSWER-Increased risk of serious (fatal) infections.
What are some common side effects of methotrexate? - ANSWER-
Hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, mucositis, and teratogenic effects.
When should methotrexate therapy be started? - ANSWER-Within 3 months of
diagnosis to delay joint degeneration.
What monitoring is required for patients on methotrexate? - ANSWER-CBC,
LFTs, chest X-ray, and hepatitis B and C serologies.
What is the purpose of giving folic acid with methotrexate? - ANSWER-To
decrease hematological, gastrointestinal, and hepatic side effects.
What are some common side effects of carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and
eslicarbazepine? - ANSWER-Hyponatremia, rash, and enzyme induction.
What are the side effects associated with phenobarbital and primidone? -
ANSWER-Sedation, dependence/tolerance/overdose risk, and enzyme
induction.
, What are the side effects of gabapentin and pregabalin? - ANSWER-Weight
gain, peripheral edema, and mild euphoria.
What are the side effects of topiramate and zonisamide? - ANSWER-Weight
loss, metabolic acidosis, nephrolithiasis, and oligohidrosis/hyperthermia in
children.
What is the concern regarding skin disorders with lamotrigine therapy? -
ANSWER-There is a risk of serious skin reactions such as SJS/TEN.
What is the concern for drug-drug interactions with lamotrigine? - ANSWER-
Valproic acid increases lamotrigine levels, while other drugs can decrease its
effectiveness.
Can lamotrigine be helpful in bipolar disorder? - ANSWER-Yes, lamotrigine
can be used in bipolar disorder with predominant depression symptoms.
What are the CNS side effects associated with Levetiracetam? - ANSWER-
Psychotic symptoms, somnolence, fatigue, irritability, dizziness, weakness, and
vomiting.
What are some serious warnings associated with Levetiracetam? - ANSWER-
Angioedema, SJS/TEN, anemia, hypertension, and loss of seizure control in
pregnancy.
What additional use does Topiramate have besides treating seizures? -
ANSWER-It can be used in migraine prevention.
What rare side effects are associated with Topiramate? - ANSWER-Metabolic
acidosis, oligohidrosis, hyperthermia in children, kidney stones, and visual
problems.
