FSHN 350 Exam 4 Study Guide
questions well answered graded A+
2025/2026
Functions of Proteins (Name a few) - correct answer ✔✔Tissue support, muscular structure,
enzymes, hormones, substance transport, blood clotting....
Amino Acid Structure - correct answer ✔✔Central alpha carbon with amine group, carboxyl
group, hydrogen atom, and unique side chain
Essential Amino Acids. Name 3 - correct answer ✔✔9 essential, must be consumed
Lysine, leucine, methionine
Nonessential Amino Acids. Name 3 - correct answer ✔✔11 amino acids, synthesized by the
transfer of an amine group.
Alanine, tyrosine, serine
Conditionally Essential Amino Acids - correct answer ✔✔Nonessential amino acids that become
essential.
Example:
Someone with phenylketoneuria does't exhibit activity of enzyme that converts phenylalanine
to tyrosine, so tyrosine is conditionally essential.
Protein Structure - correct answer ✔✔Has amino end and carboxyl end. Carboxy-terminal is last
AA added during synthesis.
Contain peptide bonds that form from condensation.
, Transcription - correct answer ✔✔Genetic information is transcribed to base of mRNA
Translation - correct answer ✔✔Information in RNA is converted to amino acid sequence
Organization of Proteins - correct answer ✔✔Primary: Sequential order
Secondary: Initial folding from charge interaction
Tertiary: Complex folding from R-group interaction
Quaternary Structure: Two or more polypeptide chains
What causes protein denaturation? - correct answer ✔✔acidity, mechanical agitation, salts,
heat.
Primary Structure remains unchanged.
Protein Digestion in Mouth - correct answer ✔✔None
Protein Digestion in Stomach - correct answer ✔✔-Gastrin stimulates release of gastric juice
with HCl
-HCl starts to denature proteins so that enzymes can access them
-HCl activates pepsin, which hydrolyzes peptide bonds. Optimal pH for pepsin is 3.5
Partially digested proteins enter the small intestine.
Protein Digestion in the small intestine - correct answer ✔✔-CCK stimulates release of
pancreatic juice, which is rich in proteases.
-Proteases break apart polypeptides to form oligiopeptides, tripeptides, dipeptides
-Aminopeptidases on microville yield individual amino acids
questions well answered graded A+
2025/2026
Functions of Proteins (Name a few) - correct answer ✔✔Tissue support, muscular structure,
enzymes, hormones, substance transport, blood clotting....
Amino Acid Structure - correct answer ✔✔Central alpha carbon with amine group, carboxyl
group, hydrogen atom, and unique side chain
Essential Amino Acids. Name 3 - correct answer ✔✔9 essential, must be consumed
Lysine, leucine, methionine
Nonessential Amino Acids. Name 3 - correct answer ✔✔11 amino acids, synthesized by the
transfer of an amine group.
Alanine, tyrosine, serine
Conditionally Essential Amino Acids - correct answer ✔✔Nonessential amino acids that become
essential.
Example:
Someone with phenylketoneuria does't exhibit activity of enzyme that converts phenylalanine
to tyrosine, so tyrosine is conditionally essential.
Protein Structure - correct answer ✔✔Has amino end and carboxyl end. Carboxy-terminal is last
AA added during synthesis.
Contain peptide bonds that form from condensation.
, Transcription - correct answer ✔✔Genetic information is transcribed to base of mRNA
Translation - correct answer ✔✔Information in RNA is converted to amino acid sequence
Organization of Proteins - correct answer ✔✔Primary: Sequential order
Secondary: Initial folding from charge interaction
Tertiary: Complex folding from R-group interaction
Quaternary Structure: Two or more polypeptide chains
What causes protein denaturation? - correct answer ✔✔acidity, mechanical agitation, salts,
heat.
Primary Structure remains unchanged.
Protein Digestion in Mouth - correct answer ✔✔None
Protein Digestion in Stomach - correct answer ✔✔-Gastrin stimulates release of gastric juice
with HCl
-HCl starts to denature proteins so that enzymes can access them
-HCl activates pepsin, which hydrolyzes peptide bonds. Optimal pH for pepsin is 3.5
Partially digested proteins enter the small intestine.
Protein Digestion in the small intestine - correct answer ✔✔-CCK stimulates release of
pancreatic juice, which is rich in proteases.
-Proteases break apart polypeptides to form oligiopeptides, tripeptides, dipeptides
-Aminopeptidases on microville yield individual amino acids
