NURP 424 Pharm Exam 1 Questions and
Correct Answers | Latest Update
Considerations when prescribing:
I: Indication
C: contraindication
P: precautions or interactions
C: cost/compliance
E: efficacy
A: adverse effects
D: dose/duration/directions
Drug approval process: Phase I
Phase I: safety and safe dosage- how the drug is tolerated at different
doses- does not determine efficacy; studies the pharmacokinetics of the drug
(After the preclinical animal testing phase)
Drug Approval Process: Phase II
Phase II: determine dosage and efficacy; determine short -term risks
Drug Approval Process: Phase III
Phase III: controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials of safety and efficacy in
multiple settings; submit a new drug application (NDA) to the FDA
-Is it better than current treatment?
Drug Approval Process: Post Market
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Phase IV or Post market research: has no fixed duration, further report
adverse events
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 1
- No accepted medical use
-No legal use permitted
- For registered research facilities only
Heroin, LSD, mescaline, peyote, marijuana*(state to state)
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 2
-No refills permitted (only 30 day supply)
-No phone orders unless you have a written one within 7 days
-E-prescribe is OK
- expires in 72hrs id not filled
Narcotics, stimulants, depressants (phenobarbital, secobarbital)
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 3
-must be rewritten after 6 months or five refills
-phone and fax OK
Some narcotics (Percocet, hydrocodone) Some stimulants (benzphetamine, chlorpheniramine,
diethylpropion)
Anabolic steroids, testosterone
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 4
-same as schedule 3, penalties for illegal possessions are different
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-low potential for abuse per DEA
pentazocine, phentermine, benzos, meprobamate
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 5
- same as all prescription drugs
-may be dispensed without prescription unless regulated by the state
loperamide, cough meds, pregabalin
Adverse Drug Reactions: Pharmacological
- majority of adverse reactions
-predictable
-dose-related
-85-90% of ADRs
(Hypotension from antihypertensives)
Adverse Drug Reactions: Idiosyncratic
-unpredictable
-Not dose-related
(Stevens-Johnson syndrome from lamictal or ibuprofen)
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 1
-igE mediated, immediate type
-previously sensitize person
-hypersensitivity like atopic dermatitis, hives, angioedema or anaphylaxis
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 2
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