Nursing Test Bank Question
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING – I
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Describe the Types of Inflammation
Inflammation is the protective response of the body to injury, infection, or
irritation.
Types of inflammation:
1. Acute inflammation
o Sudden onset
o Short duration
o Characterized by redness, pain, heat, swelling
o Example: abscess, wound infection
2. Chronic inflammation
o Long duration
o Less intense symptoms
o Leads to tissue damage
o Example: tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis
2. Explain the Home Health Nursing Roles
Home health nursing provides care to patients at home.
Roles of home health nurse:
, • Assessment of patient condition
• Administer medications
• Wound care and dressing
• Health education to patient and family
• Monitor vital signs
• Emotional support
• Prevent complications
• Coordinate with healthcare team
3. List the Complications of Healing
Complications that delay or disturb wound healing include:
• Infection
• Hemorrhage
• Dehiscence
• Evisceration
• Keloid formation
• Hypertrophic scar
• Delayed healing
4. Describe the Types of Immunity
Immunity is the ability of the body to resist disease.
Types of immunity:
1. Innate (Natural) immunity
o Present at birth
o Includes skin, mucous membranes
2. Acquired immunity
o Develops after exposure
o a) Active immunity – vaccination or infection
o b) Passive immunity – antibodies from mother or injections
,5. Explain the Concept of Disease
Disease is a deviation from normal health.
Concept includes:
• Cause (etiology)
• Signs and symptoms
• Pathophysiology
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Prevention
6. Stages of Wound Healing
There are four stages:
1. Hemostasis – blood clot formation
2. Inflammatory stage – redness, swelling
3. Proliferative stage – granulation tissue formation
4. Maturation stage – scar formation
7. Role of Nurse Working in ICU
ICU nurse provides critical care.
Roles include:
• Continuous monitoring
• Maintain airway and ventilation
• Administer IV medications
• Use of ventilators and monitors
• Infection control
• Emergency response
• Emotional support to family
,8. Explain About Cell Injury
Cell injury occurs when cells are exposed to harmful agents.
Causes:
• Hypoxia
• Physical injury
• Chemical agents
• Infection
Types:
• Reversible injury
• Irreversible injury (cell death)
9. Nursing Management of Pre-Operative and Post-Operative Patient
Pre-operative care:
• Physical and psychological preparation
• Pre-operative investigations
• Consent
• Fasting
• Skin preparation
Post-operative care:
• Monitor vital signs
• Pain management
• Wound care
• Prevent complications
• Early ambulation
, 10. Factors Influencing Wound Healing
Local factors:
• Infection
• Blood supply
• Foreign bodies
Systemic factors:
• Age
• Nutrition
• Diabetes
• Anemia
• Smoking
11. Define Health
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not
merely absence of disease.
12. Define Nursing
Nursing is the art and science of caring for individuals to maintain or restore
health.
13. Define Nosocomial Infection
Nosocomial infection is an infection acquired during hospital stay.
14. Define Pain
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with tissue
damage.
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING – I
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Describe the Types of Inflammation
Inflammation is the protective response of the body to injury, infection, or
irritation.
Types of inflammation:
1. Acute inflammation
o Sudden onset
o Short duration
o Characterized by redness, pain, heat, swelling
o Example: abscess, wound infection
2. Chronic inflammation
o Long duration
o Less intense symptoms
o Leads to tissue damage
o Example: tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis
2. Explain the Home Health Nursing Roles
Home health nursing provides care to patients at home.
Roles of home health nurse:
, • Assessment of patient condition
• Administer medications
• Wound care and dressing
• Health education to patient and family
• Monitor vital signs
• Emotional support
• Prevent complications
• Coordinate with healthcare team
3. List the Complications of Healing
Complications that delay or disturb wound healing include:
• Infection
• Hemorrhage
• Dehiscence
• Evisceration
• Keloid formation
• Hypertrophic scar
• Delayed healing
4. Describe the Types of Immunity
Immunity is the ability of the body to resist disease.
Types of immunity:
1. Innate (Natural) immunity
o Present at birth
o Includes skin, mucous membranes
2. Acquired immunity
o Develops after exposure
o a) Active immunity – vaccination or infection
o b) Passive immunity – antibodies from mother or injections
,5. Explain the Concept of Disease
Disease is a deviation from normal health.
Concept includes:
• Cause (etiology)
• Signs and symptoms
• Pathophysiology
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Prevention
6. Stages of Wound Healing
There are four stages:
1. Hemostasis – blood clot formation
2. Inflammatory stage – redness, swelling
3. Proliferative stage – granulation tissue formation
4. Maturation stage – scar formation
7. Role of Nurse Working in ICU
ICU nurse provides critical care.
Roles include:
• Continuous monitoring
• Maintain airway and ventilation
• Administer IV medications
• Use of ventilators and monitors
• Infection control
• Emergency response
• Emotional support to family
,8. Explain About Cell Injury
Cell injury occurs when cells are exposed to harmful agents.
Causes:
• Hypoxia
• Physical injury
• Chemical agents
• Infection
Types:
• Reversible injury
• Irreversible injury (cell death)
9. Nursing Management of Pre-Operative and Post-Operative Patient
Pre-operative care:
• Physical and psychological preparation
• Pre-operative investigations
• Consent
• Fasting
• Skin preparation
Post-operative care:
• Monitor vital signs
• Pain management
• Wound care
• Prevent complications
• Early ambulation
, 10. Factors Influencing Wound Healing
Local factors:
• Infection
• Blood supply
• Foreign bodies
Systemic factors:
• Age
• Nutrition
• Diabetes
• Anemia
• Smoking
11. Define Health
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not
merely absence of disease.
12. Define Nursing
Nursing is the art and science of caring for individuals to maintain or restore
health.
13. Define Nosocomial Infection
Nosocomial infection is an infection acquired during hospital stay.
14. Define Pain
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with tissue
damage.
