DNA polymerases
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add nucleotides to free 3'-OH on growing new strand -NEVER 5'- ends
phosphate
Are gametes (egg and sperm) haploid or diploid?
What about the Zygote?
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-Haploid (n)
-Diploid (2n)
,True or False: Sequential Hermaphroditic organisms possess genes for both sexes
and express both at the same time
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False, Change sex due to environmental and social factors, thereby only
expressing one sex at a time
Eukaryotic mRNA processing steps (3)
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1. addition of a 5' cap
2. Addition of a poly(A) tail at 3'end
3. RNA splicing to remove introns
Tertiary Structure of DNA
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Packaging into chromosomes
Rho-Independent terminator
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intrinsic termination, lacking rho, contains an inverted repeat followed by
adenine nucleotides which are then transcribed into the RNA as uracile
, creating hairpin loop
Shelterin
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Protein prevents accidental double stranded DNA
Telomeres
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Protective end caps on chromosome/ chromatids
Characteristics of X-linked Recessive trait
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(X^aX^a or X^aY)
-More males affected
-affected sons typically from non infected moms (can skip generations)
-Male hemizygous (express if affected)
-Can rule out X-linked recessive if affected daughter born to affected mom
with non-affected dad
Common consensus sequence in core promoter:
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TATA box (-25 to -30 upstream)
All forms of inheritance that appear equally in males and females
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Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant
Nullisomy
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Loss of both members of homologous pair (2n-2)
Wild-type
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most common allele found in the wild, designated by + sign
Start codon:
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Give this one a try later!
add nucleotides to free 3'-OH on growing new strand -NEVER 5'- ends
phosphate
Are gametes (egg and sperm) haploid or diploid?
What about the Zygote?
Give this one a try later!
-Haploid (n)
-Diploid (2n)
,True or False: Sequential Hermaphroditic organisms possess genes for both sexes
and express both at the same time
Give this one a try later!
False, Change sex due to environmental and social factors, thereby only
expressing one sex at a time
Eukaryotic mRNA processing steps (3)
Give this one a try later!
1. addition of a 5' cap
2. Addition of a poly(A) tail at 3'end
3. RNA splicing to remove introns
Tertiary Structure of DNA
Give this one a try later!
Packaging into chromosomes
Rho-Independent terminator
Give this one a try later!
intrinsic termination, lacking rho, contains an inverted repeat followed by
adenine nucleotides which are then transcribed into the RNA as uracile
, creating hairpin loop
Shelterin
Give this one a try later!
Protein prevents accidental double stranded DNA
Telomeres
Give this one a try later!
Protective end caps on chromosome/ chromatids
Characteristics of X-linked Recessive trait
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(X^aX^a or X^aY)
-More males affected
-affected sons typically from non infected moms (can skip generations)
-Male hemizygous (express if affected)
-Can rule out X-linked recessive if affected daughter born to affected mom
with non-affected dad
Common consensus sequence in core promoter:
, Give this one a try later!
TATA box (-25 to -30 upstream)
All forms of inheritance that appear equally in males and females
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Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant
Nullisomy
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Loss of both members of homologous pair (2n-2)
Wild-type
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most common allele found in the wild, designated by + sign
Start codon:
Give this one a try later!
