Page 1 of 85
FCCS (Fundamentals of Critical Care Support)
EXAM LATEST 2026-2027 WITH COMPLETE 350
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR
What is the goal of manual mask ventilation?
to provide adequate minute ventilation: the product of the tidal volume delivered during each
resuscitation bag compression and the number of compressions per min.
** The total gas volume within most adult resus bags is 1 to 1.5 LITERS
Bag mask should be connected to ________% oxygen and flow at a rate of _______
100% oxygen at a rate of 15L/min
HFNC
- Uses up to 100% oxygen source
- Provides higher amounts of FIO2 (0.32-1.0) in patients with high minute ventilation
requirements by matching patient's inspiratory demands and minimizing air dilution
- These devices also can generate PEEP (that is difficult to measure; can cause barotrauma in
theory)
1
SUCCESS!
,Page 2 of 85
- Flow rates up to 60L/min
- heated and humidified oxygen
NRB
- AKA Reservoir Face Mask
- Bag is filled with 100% oxygen from a supply source (tank)
- The flow rate must be adjusted so that the bag remains completely or partially distended
throughout the respiratory cycle
- When the mask is properly applied, oxygen delivery can be maximized but rarely exceeds a
FIO2 of 0.6 to 0.9
- One way flap valves minimize entrapment of room air which dilutes FiO2
- NRB is a high oxygen high, flow device.
- non humidified oxygen
** commonly used to improve oxygenation in patients with severe hypoxemia until further eval
and treatments are accomplished.
Aerosol Face Mask
- This mask has large side holes, the mask itself is attached to large bore tubing to a nebulize
that blends 100% oxygen and room air to deliver a PRESET FIO2 level (done by dial on oxygen
adapter)
2
SUCCESS!
,Page 3 of 85
- If the entire aerosol mist disappears from the mask during. inhalation, the patient's inspiratory
flow demands are probably exceeding the capacity of the nebulizer and room air is being
entrained.
- minimum flow rate = 8L/min
- Max FIO2 = 40-60%
- This is a variable oxygen, moderate-flow device.
Simple Face Mask
- minimum flow rate: 6L/min (to clear CO2 from mask)
- humidified O2
- Approx. concentrations L to FIO2 ratios:
6L = 40%
7L = 50%
8L = 60%
Venturi Face Mask
- aka air entrainment face mask
- delivers O2 through a jet mixing device that increases the velocity of oxygen and causes a
controlled entrainment
- the FiO2 can be more precisely controlled from .24 to .5 (24% to 50%) at high flow rates simply
3
SUCCESS!
, Page 4 of 85
my selecting the interchangeable nozzle and adjusting the O2 flow rate
- this is a high flow, controlled oxygen device.
Nasal Cannula flow rate to FIO2 estimates if RR and tidal volumes are normal
1L = 24%
2L = 28%
3L = 32%
4L = 36%
5L = 40%
6L = 44%
NPPV uses two levels of positive airway pressure, combining modalities of pressure support
ventilation and what?
CPAP
What is CPAP?
continuous positive airway pressure
- Allows spontaneous breathing from a gas source at an elevated baseline system pressure
(higher than atmospheric pressure)
- Functionally equivalent to PEEP.
What is the single most important indicator in critical illness?
4
SUCCESS!
FCCS (Fundamentals of Critical Care Support)
EXAM LATEST 2026-2027 WITH COMPLETE 350
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR
What is the goal of manual mask ventilation?
to provide adequate minute ventilation: the product of the tidal volume delivered during each
resuscitation bag compression and the number of compressions per min.
** The total gas volume within most adult resus bags is 1 to 1.5 LITERS
Bag mask should be connected to ________% oxygen and flow at a rate of _______
100% oxygen at a rate of 15L/min
HFNC
- Uses up to 100% oxygen source
- Provides higher amounts of FIO2 (0.32-1.0) in patients with high minute ventilation
requirements by matching patient's inspiratory demands and minimizing air dilution
- These devices also can generate PEEP (that is difficult to measure; can cause barotrauma in
theory)
1
SUCCESS!
,Page 2 of 85
- Flow rates up to 60L/min
- heated and humidified oxygen
NRB
- AKA Reservoir Face Mask
- Bag is filled with 100% oxygen from a supply source (tank)
- The flow rate must be adjusted so that the bag remains completely or partially distended
throughout the respiratory cycle
- When the mask is properly applied, oxygen delivery can be maximized but rarely exceeds a
FIO2 of 0.6 to 0.9
- One way flap valves minimize entrapment of room air which dilutes FiO2
- NRB is a high oxygen high, flow device.
- non humidified oxygen
** commonly used to improve oxygenation in patients with severe hypoxemia until further eval
and treatments are accomplished.
Aerosol Face Mask
- This mask has large side holes, the mask itself is attached to large bore tubing to a nebulize
that blends 100% oxygen and room air to deliver a PRESET FIO2 level (done by dial on oxygen
adapter)
2
SUCCESS!
,Page 3 of 85
- If the entire aerosol mist disappears from the mask during. inhalation, the patient's inspiratory
flow demands are probably exceeding the capacity of the nebulizer and room air is being
entrained.
- minimum flow rate = 8L/min
- Max FIO2 = 40-60%
- This is a variable oxygen, moderate-flow device.
Simple Face Mask
- minimum flow rate: 6L/min (to clear CO2 from mask)
- humidified O2
- Approx. concentrations L to FIO2 ratios:
6L = 40%
7L = 50%
8L = 60%
Venturi Face Mask
- aka air entrainment face mask
- delivers O2 through a jet mixing device that increases the velocity of oxygen and causes a
controlled entrainment
- the FiO2 can be more precisely controlled from .24 to .5 (24% to 50%) at high flow rates simply
3
SUCCESS!
, Page 4 of 85
my selecting the interchangeable nozzle and adjusting the O2 flow rate
- this is a high flow, controlled oxygen device.
Nasal Cannula flow rate to FIO2 estimates if RR and tidal volumes are normal
1L = 24%
2L = 28%
3L = 32%
4L = 36%
5L = 40%
6L = 44%
NPPV uses two levels of positive airway pressure, combining modalities of pressure support
ventilation and what?
CPAP
What is CPAP?
continuous positive airway pressure
- Allows spontaneous breathing from a gas source at an elevated baseline system pressure
(higher than atmospheric pressure)
- Functionally equivalent to PEEP.
What is the single most important indicator in critical illness?
4
SUCCESS!
