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D115 MASTER SET – ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR THE ADVANCED PRACTICE
NURSE | UPDATED 2025–2026 GUARANTEED PASS
EDITION | 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS & FULL
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY RATIONALES
Which type of genetic disease affects males more
frequently than females?
- ANSWER-Sex-Linked recessive. Since males only
have one X and one Y, if the affected chromosome
has the illness, it will be expressed.
In which two conditions are chromosomal
abnormalities the leading known cause?
- ANSWER-Intellectual disability and fetal
miscarriage. Chromosome abnormalities are the
leading known cause of intellectual disability and
fetal miscarriage.
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What are three examples of prenatal diagnostic
studies?
- ANSWER-Chorionic villus sampling (CVS),
amniocentesis, and preimplantation genetic testing
(PGT) are examples of prenatal diagnostic studies
and are performed in vitro. CVS is a form of genetic
testing that provides genetic information found in
utero and is usually performed between weeks 11
and 14 of pregnancy. An amniocentesis is a form of
genetic testing that evaluates amniotic fluid and is
usually performed during the second trimester,
between weeks 15 and 20 of pregnancy. PGT is
performed on the embryo prior to implantation.
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the
presence of a zygote having one chromosome with
a normal complement of genes and one
chromosome with a missing gene?
- ANSWER-Cri du chat syndrome (translated as "cry
of the cat") is caused by a DNA deletion. This term
describes the cry often heard from a baby affected
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by the syndrome. Cri du chat syndrome can present
as a microcephalic, low birth-weight baby with a
piercing cry.
How can an X-linked recessive disease skip
generations?
- ANSWER-The disease can be transmitted through
female carriers.Since females have two copies of
the X chromosome, the mother may provide an
unaffected X to a daughter or son. Furthermore, a
daughter may not show signs of the disease
because she has the other X (the only X the father
can give to a female) to cancel it out.
Which type of risk is referred to as the ratio of the
disease rate among the entire population to the
disease rate in an unexposed population?
- ANSWER-Relative risk is a ratio of probability, not
an actual occurrence of disease.
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What are the empirical risks for most multifactorial
diseases based on?
- ANSWER-Many factors from lifestyle to genetics
affect multifactorial diseases. Observation and
evaluation of each case individually provides the
most thorough and accurate assessment.
What refers to the silenced gene of a gene pair.
- ANSWER-The imprinted gene is the silent gene of
a gene pair.
What is the primary reason that some older adults
have impaired inflammation and wound healing?
- ANSWER-The underlying chronic illness exists.
A generalized inflammatory response seen in
chronic illness depletes the body's reserves to fight
against illness.
D115 MASTER SET – ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR THE ADVANCED PRACTICE
NURSE | UPDATED 2025–2026 GUARANTEED PASS
EDITION | 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS & FULL
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY RATIONALES
Which type of genetic disease affects males more
frequently than females?
- ANSWER-Sex-Linked recessive. Since males only
have one X and one Y, if the affected chromosome
has the illness, it will be expressed.
In which two conditions are chromosomal
abnormalities the leading known cause?
- ANSWER-Intellectual disability and fetal
miscarriage. Chromosome abnormalities are the
leading known cause of intellectual disability and
fetal miscarriage.
,2|Page
What are three examples of prenatal diagnostic
studies?
- ANSWER-Chorionic villus sampling (CVS),
amniocentesis, and preimplantation genetic testing
(PGT) are examples of prenatal diagnostic studies
and are performed in vitro. CVS is a form of genetic
testing that provides genetic information found in
utero and is usually performed between weeks 11
and 14 of pregnancy. An amniocentesis is a form of
genetic testing that evaluates amniotic fluid and is
usually performed during the second trimester,
between weeks 15 and 20 of pregnancy. PGT is
performed on the embryo prior to implantation.
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the
presence of a zygote having one chromosome with
a normal complement of genes and one
chromosome with a missing gene?
- ANSWER-Cri du chat syndrome (translated as "cry
of the cat") is caused by a DNA deletion. This term
describes the cry often heard from a baby affected
,3|Page
by the syndrome. Cri du chat syndrome can present
as a microcephalic, low birth-weight baby with a
piercing cry.
How can an X-linked recessive disease skip
generations?
- ANSWER-The disease can be transmitted through
female carriers.Since females have two copies of
the X chromosome, the mother may provide an
unaffected X to a daughter or son. Furthermore, a
daughter may not show signs of the disease
because she has the other X (the only X the father
can give to a female) to cancel it out.
Which type of risk is referred to as the ratio of the
disease rate among the entire population to the
disease rate in an unexposed population?
- ANSWER-Relative risk is a ratio of probability, not
an actual occurrence of disease.
, 4|Page
What are the empirical risks for most multifactorial
diseases based on?
- ANSWER-Many factors from lifestyle to genetics
affect multifactorial diseases. Observation and
evaluation of each case individually provides the
most thorough and accurate assessment.
What refers to the silenced gene of a gene pair.
- ANSWER-The imprinted gene is the silent gene of
a gene pair.
What is the primary reason that some older adults
have impaired inflammation and wound healing?
- ANSWER-The underlying chronic illness exists.
A generalized inflammatory response seen in
chronic illness depletes the body's reserves to fight
against illness.
