Page 1 of 171
FSC100 FINAL Exam LATEST 2026-2027 WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR
T/F There are hydrogen bonds between the bases of each strand that hold the double helix
together
True
Adenine will only bond with nucleotides containing
Thymine
Guanine will only bond with nucleotides containing
Cytosine
What is the importance of the use of DNA analysis?
1. ID criminals
2. Missing persons
(Especially used in mass disasters)
Forensic biology incorporates the related areas of:
1. Serology
2. Forensic serology
1
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,Page 2 of 171
What is serology?
Almost exclusively towards the analysis of blood
What is forensic serology?
expands beyond blood to other biological fluids commonly linked to crime scene work
Serology techniques are used to screen evidence items for what?
The presence and type of body fluid deposition
What do serology analyses target?
1. biochemicals
2. cells
When serology analyses target the biochemicals and cells what do they define? Give 2
examples.
The distinctive functional characteristics of different body fluids:
1. Spermatoza in semen
2. Hemoglobin in blood
What is the distinctive functional characteristics in semen?
Spermatoza
What is the distinctive functional characteristics in blood?
2
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,Page 3 of 171
Hemogloboin
What can the structure of DNA be compared to?
Spiral Staircase
Why is DNA referred to as latent evidence?
- Cannot be seen with the naked human eye
- Needs specialized equipment in order to be able to see it and enhance it
When people say that they are "swabbing for DNA" what do they mean by that?
They're swabbing another substance in hopes that they will find DNA but they cannot be sure
until they analyze and enhance the sample
What are the base pairs made up of?
Guanine and Cytosine
What are the sugar phosphate backbones made up of?
Adenine and Thymine
Each strand of the helix in DNA is comprised of:
Long chains of nucleotides, that are composed of a phosphate group, a type of sugar called
deoxyribose and one of 4 nitrogen-containing bases
What does ATGC stand for?
3
SUCCESS!
, Page 4 of 171
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
What do serologists seek to do?
To identify class evidence such as human and non-human biological materials
What kind of biological materials do serologists collect?
1. Blood
2. Bodily fluids
3. Hair
4. Fibers
Where do serologists collect their class evidence/biological materials?
1. From individuals directly
2. Items collected from a crime scene
What if we have an indication that someone may be responsible for a crime where biological
fluids were found? What expectation of privacy may a person have that may limit the
collection of the samples and what would be required to secure those samples :
- A warrant would be required since it is invasive
- Blood, bodily fluid, hair and fibres would be collected
What is the most intrusive biological sample collected from an individual?
Blood
4
SUCCESS!
FSC100 FINAL Exam LATEST 2026-2027 WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR
T/F There are hydrogen bonds between the bases of each strand that hold the double helix
together
True
Adenine will only bond with nucleotides containing
Thymine
Guanine will only bond with nucleotides containing
Cytosine
What is the importance of the use of DNA analysis?
1. ID criminals
2. Missing persons
(Especially used in mass disasters)
Forensic biology incorporates the related areas of:
1. Serology
2. Forensic serology
1
SUCCESS!
,Page 2 of 171
What is serology?
Almost exclusively towards the analysis of blood
What is forensic serology?
expands beyond blood to other biological fluids commonly linked to crime scene work
Serology techniques are used to screen evidence items for what?
The presence and type of body fluid deposition
What do serology analyses target?
1. biochemicals
2. cells
When serology analyses target the biochemicals and cells what do they define? Give 2
examples.
The distinctive functional characteristics of different body fluids:
1. Spermatoza in semen
2. Hemoglobin in blood
What is the distinctive functional characteristics in semen?
Spermatoza
What is the distinctive functional characteristics in blood?
2
SUCCESS!
,Page 3 of 171
Hemogloboin
What can the structure of DNA be compared to?
Spiral Staircase
Why is DNA referred to as latent evidence?
- Cannot be seen with the naked human eye
- Needs specialized equipment in order to be able to see it and enhance it
When people say that they are "swabbing for DNA" what do they mean by that?
They're swabbing another substance in hopes that they will find DNA but they cannot be sure
until they analyze and enhance the sample
What are the base pairs made up of?
Guanine and Cytosine
What are the sugar phosphate backbones made up of?
Adenine and Thymine
Each strand of the helix in DNA is comprised of:
Long chains of nucleotides, that are composed of a phosphate group, a type of sugar called
deoxyribose and one of 4 nitrogen-containing bases
What does ATGC stand for?
3
SUCCESS!
, Page 4 of 171
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
What do serologists seek to do?
To identify class evidence such as human and non-human biological materials
What kind of biological materials do serologists collect?
1. Blood
2. Bodily fluids
3. Hair
4. Fibers
Where do serologists collect their class evidence/biological materials?
1. From individuals directly
2. Items collected from a crime scene
What if we have an indication that someone may be responsible for a crime where biological
fluids were found? What expectation of privacy may a person have that may limit the
collection of the samples and what would be required to secure those samples :
- A warrant would be required since it is invasive
- Blood, bodily fluid, hair and fibres would be collected
What is the most intrusive biological sample collected from an individual?
Blood
4
SUCCESS!
