BIO 181L FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
catalyst CORRECT ANSWER a substance that increases the rate of reaction without being
consumed
enzyme CORRECT ANSWER
a molecule that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed (protein)
energy of activation CORRECT ANSWER
amount of energy required to convert a substrate into a product
active site CORRECT ANSWER location on an enzyme that physically interacts with the substrate
how enzymes catalyze reactions CORRECT ANSWER 1. substrate attaches to the active site
2. activation energy required is lowered
3. substrate becomes a product
4. enzyme separates
seven properties of enzymes CORRECT ANSWER 1. most are proteins
2. highly specific
3. form an enzyme-substrate complex
4. do not affect direction of reaction
5. lower the activation energy
6. not consumed by reaction
7. highly regulated
how inhibitors work CORRECT ANSWER
keep enzyme in an active form, binds to enzymes to compete with the substrate
how different substrates affect the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT
ANSWER enzymes are highly specific and workRbetter with some substrates than
others
, how substrate concentration affects the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT ANSWER
increase the rate of reaction because there would be more substrate molecules colliding with enzyme m
olecules
how enzyme concentration affects the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT ANSWER
increases the rate of reaction because the substrate will have more chances to bind to the active site of
an enzyme
how pH effects the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT ANSWER
extreme pH levelsRdenature the enzymes making them nonfunctional
how temperature effects the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT ANSWER
temperatures outside the optimal range will change the structure and function of the enzyme making it
nonfunctional
how enzymes are regulated in the body CORRECT ANSWER
enzymes help regulate the body's equilibrium, enzymes are regulated by feedback inhibition
similarities of mitosis and meiosis CORRECT ANSWER prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
mitosis CORRECT ANSWER 2 identical diploid daughter cells
meiosis CORRECT ANSWER results in 4 unique haploid daughter cells
steps of mitosis CORRECT ANSWER 1. prophase
2. prometaphase
3. metaphase
4. anaphase
5. telophase
steps of meiosis CORRECT ANSWER meiosis 1: two haploid daughter cells
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
catalyst CORRECT ANSWER a substance that increases the rate of reaction without being
consumed
enzyme CORRECT ANSWER
a molecule that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed (protein)
energy of activation CORRECT ANSWER
amount of energy required to convert a substrate into a product
active site CORRECT ANSWER location on an enzyme that physically interacts with the substrate
how enzymes catalyze reactions CORRECT ANSWER 1. substrate attaches to the active site
2. activation energy required is lowered
3. substrate becomes a product
4. enzyme separates
seven properties of enzymes CORRECT ANSWER 1. most are proteins
2. highly specific
3. form an enzyme-substrate complex
4. do not affect direction of reaction
5. lower the activation energy
6. not consumed by reaction
7. highly regulated
how inhibitors work CORRECT ANSWER
keep enzyme in an active form, binds to enzymes to compete with the substrate
how different substrates affect the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT
ANSWER enzymes are highly specific and workRbetter with some substrates than
others
, how substrate concentration affects the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT ANSWER
increase the rate of reaction because there would be more substrate molecules colliding with enzyme m
olecules
how enzyme concentration affects the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT ANSWER
increases the rate of reaction because the substrate will have more chances to bind to the active site of
an enzyme
how pH effects the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT ANSWER
extreme pH levelsRdenature the enzymes making them nonfunctional
how temperature effects the rate of enzyme reactions CORRECT ANSWER
temperatures outside the optimal range will change the structure and function of the enzyme making it
nonfunctional
how enzymes are regulated in the body CORRECT ANSWER
enzymes help regulate the body's equilibrium, enzymes are regulated by feedback inhibition
similarities of mitosis and meiosis CORRECT ANSWER prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
mitosis CORRECT ANSWER 2 identical diploid daughter cells
meiosis CORRECT ANSWER results in 4 unique haploid daughter cells
steps of mitosis CORRECT ANSWER 1. prophase
2. prometaphase
3. metaphase
4. anaphase
5. telophase
steps of meiosis CORRECT ANSWER meiosis 1: two haploid daughter cells
