Adult Health III: Final
Exam Questions And
Answers
1. A patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) presents with dyspnea, orthopnea,
and pulmonary crackles. Which nursing intervention is the priority?
A) Administer IV antibiotics
B) Elevate the head of the bed
C) Encourage oral fluid intake
D) Apply warm compresses
Answer: B) Elevate the head of the bed
2. Which lab value is most important to monitor in a patient receiving digoxin?
A) Serum potassium
B) Hemoglobin
C) Serum glucose
D) Magnesium
Answer: A) Serum potassium
3. A patient is admitted with acute kidney injury. The nurse notes a sudden increase
in BUN and creatinine. What is the most likely cause?
A) Hypovolemia
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Hypokalemia
,D) Hypernatremia
Answer: A) Hypovolemia
4. True or False: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should
receive high-flow oxygen to maintain SpO₂ above 98%.
Answer: False – High-flow oxygen can suppress respiratory drive; target SpO₂ is
usually 88–92%.
5. Which electrolyte imbalance is most concerning in a patient with diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A) Hypokalemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypermagnesemia
Answer: A) Hypokalemia
6. A patient with cirrhosis presents with ascites and edema. Which dietary
modification is most appropriate?
A) High-protein, low-sodium diet
B) Low-protein, high-sodium diet
C) High-fat, low-carbohydrate diet
D) High-sodium, high-protein diet
Answer: A) High-protein, low-sodium diet
7. Which is the earliest sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A) Bradycardia
B) Headache
C) Vomiting
D) Papilledema
, Answer: B) Headache
8. A patient with acute myocardial infarction (MI) develops sudden hypotension and
distended neck veins. What is the most likely complication?
A) Cardiac tamponade
B) Pulmonary embolism
C) Heart block
D) Ventricular fibrillation
Answer: A) Cardiac tamponade
9. Which medication is used as a first-line treatment for atrial fibrillation to control
heart rate?
A) Amiodarone
B) Metoprolol
C) Lidocaine
D) Furosemide
Answer: B) Metoprolol
10. True or False: A patient with chronic kidney disease should limit protein intake to
prevent further renal damage.
Answer: True
11. A patient with pancreatitis reports severe abdominal pain radiating to the back.
Which lab value is most indicative of pancreatitis?
A) Elevated amylase and lipase
B) Elevated AST and ALT
C) Elevated BUN
D) Low magnesium
Exam Questions And
Answers
1. A patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) presents with dyspnea, orthopnea,
and pulmonary crackles. Which nursing intervention is the priority?
A) Administer IV antibiotics
B) Elevate the head of the bed
C) Encourage oral fluid intake
D) Apply warm compresses
Answer: B) Elevate the head of the bed
2. Which lab value is most important to monitor in a patient receiving digoxin?
A) Serum potassium
B) Hemoglobin
C) Serum glucose
D) Magnesium
Answer: A) Serum potassium
3. A patient is admitted with acute kidney injury. The nurse notes a sudden increase
in BUN and creatinine. What is the most likely cause?
A) Hypovolemia
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Hypokalemia
,D) Hypernatremia
Answer: A) Hypovolemia
4. True or False: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should
receive high-flow oxygen to maintain SpO₂ above 98%.
Answer: False – High-flow oxygen can suppress respiratory drive; target SpO₂ is
usually 88–92%.
5. Which electrolyte imbalance is most concerning in a patient with diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A) Hypokalemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypermagnesemia
Answer: A) Hypokalemia
6. A patient with cirrhosis presents with ascites and edema. Which dietary
modification is most appropriate?
A) High-protein, low-sodium diet
B) Low-protein, high-sodium diet
C) High-fat, low-carbohydrate diet
D) High-sodium, high-protein diet
Answer: A) High-protein, low-sodium diet
7. Which is the earliest sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A) Bradycardia
B) Headache
C) Vomiting
D) Papilledema
, Answer: B) Headache
8. A patient with acute myocardial infarction (MI) develops sudden hypotension and
distended neck veins. What is the most likely complication?
A) Cardiac tamponade
B) Pulmonary embolism
C) Heart block
D) Ventricular fibrillation
Answer: A) Cardiac tamponade
9. Which medication is used as a first-line treatment for atrial fibrillation to control
heart rate?
A) Amiodarone
B) Metoprolol
C) Lidocaine
D) Furosemide
Answer: B) Metoprolol
10. True or False: A patient with chronic kidney disease should limit protein intake to
prevent further renal damage.
Answer: True
11. A patient with pancreatitis reports severe abdominal pain radiating to the back.
Which lab value is most indicative of pancreatitis?
A) Elevated amylase and lipase
B) Elevated AST and ALT
C) Elevated BUN
D) Low magnesium
