ABFM EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
ABX ppx for ortho surgery
Cephazolin
FEV1/FVC ratio for obstructive lung disease
<0.7
ACEIs/ARBs cause low or high K?
High K
When is Tdap given in pregnancy?
Between 27-36 weeks
What is the most common radiologic finding in early pulmonary sarcoidosis?
bilateral hilar adenopathy
People with DM are more/less likely to develop adhesive capsulitis?
more
AAP recommends starting checking BP at age ____
3 years old
Which conditions are triptans contradicted in?
Coronary artery disease
Cerebrovascular disease
Peripheral vascular disease
Pt with uncontrolled or multiple CV risk factors
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,What is type 2 asthma?
Includes allergic and eosinophilic asthma
Type 2 inflammation is diagnosed by any of the following...
- elevated eos in the blood or sputum
- elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide
- need for oral corticosteroid maintenance therapy
When in pregnancy is intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) typically seen?
late second tri/3rd tri
Treatment for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP)?
ursodeoxycholic acid
early delivery
According to the American Society for Anesthesiology, all patients who are having major surgery
shouldb e offered pre-op labs including...
CBC
Renal function testing
What is the recommended treatment for metatarsal stress fractures?
No weight bearing for a few days, possibly using a posterior splint --> walking boot or short cast
--> rigid-soled shoe in 4-6 weeks
Next steps for proteinuria in children on dipstick?
Confirm presence of proteinuria with a spot protein/creatinine ratio to r/o proteinuria
How to manage a pt who is traveling to a high-risk TB area?
TB test or interferon-gamma release assay prior to leaving the US.
If negative, repeat testing 8-10 weeks after returning.
Pt developed myopathy on statins and....
another CYP3A4 med...
- Amiodarone
- CCBs
- some HIV meds
- some anti-fungal meds
When is surgical release of a dupuytren's contracture indicated?
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,When the metacarpophalangeal joint is 30* or smaller or with any contracture of the PIP
How to treat traveler's diarrhea?
Azithromycin
What risk factors increase risk of mortality for PNA?
- RR >30
- hypotension
- confusion/disorientation
- BUN >20
- >65 y/o
- male sex
- CHF or COPD
Pityriasis rosea in pregnancy is a/w...
increased rate of spontaneous abortion in the first 15 wks gestation
What are indications for long-term PPI therapy?
- Barrett esophagus
- severe erosive esophagitis
- eosinophilic esophagitis
- pts at high risk for GI bleeding
Why do pt's with Crohn's disease develop diarrhea after ileal resection?
D/t increased amounts of bile acid remaining in the stool. This affects colonic secretion and
motility and various protein factors in the gut --> bile acid diarrhea
Pt with mild hemoptysis, next step...
CXR
T/F: Obesity is a significant risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma?
True
What are symptoms of worsening aortic stenosis?
- exertional dyspnea
- chest pain
- dizziness
A1C diagnosis for T1DM?
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Need 2 A1C>6.5 in the abscence of hyperglycemia
What organ system should be checked yearly for sarcoidosis?
Occular
- inflammation of eye can --> permanent impairment and is often asymptomatic
Ages for HIV screening?
15-65 y/o
Blood pressure management for pt with CKD + proteinuria?
ACE/ARB + thiazide/CCB
Next step for pt with passive SI?
Crisis planning (not a suicide prevention contract - that's not effective)
Infants consuming less than ________ mL formula/day should be supplemented with vit D.
<1,000mL
How much vit D supplement should BFing infants get?
400 IU
What Cobb angle (scoliosis) is at high-risk to progress and should be referred?
20+%
CDC recommends prescribing naloxone when opioid dosage reaches ____ MME
50
What sacral dimples on newborns do not need further imaging?
- no hair or other skin findings
- small <0.5cm
- >2.5cm from anal verge
What is charcot neuroarthropathy?
inflammatory condition that occurs in obese pts w/ peripheral neuropathy and ultimately -->
foot deformities (classic rocker-bottom fot) and resultant ulcerations and infections
- easily mistaken for cellulitis
What is the treatment for charcot neuroarthropathy?
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
ABX ppx for ortho surgery
Cephazolin
FEV1/FVC ratio for obstructive lung disease
<0.7
ACEIs/ARBs cause low or high K?
High K
When is Tdap given in pregnancy?
Between 27-36 weeks
What is the most common radiologic finding in early pulmonary sarcoidosis?
bilateral hilar adenopathy
People with DM are more/less likely to develop adhesive capsulitis?
more
AAP recommends starting checking BP at age ____
3 years old
Which conditions are triptans contradicted in?
Coronary artery disease
Cerebrovascular disease
Peripheral vascular disease
Pt with uncontrolled or multiple CV risk factors
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,What is type 2 asthma?
Includes allergic and eosinophilic asthma
Type 2 inflammation is diagnosed by any of the following...
- elevated eos in the blood or sputum
- elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide
- need for oral corticosteroid maintenance therapy
When in pregnancy is intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) typically seen?
late second tri/3rd tri
Treatment for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP)?
ursodeoxycholic acid
early delivery
According to the American Society for Anesthesiology, all patients who are having major surgery
shouldb e offered pre-op labs including...
CBC
Renal function testing
What is the recommended treatment for metatarsal stress fractures?
No weight bearing for a few days, possibly using a posterior splint --> walking boot or short cast
--> rigid-soled shoe in 4-6 weeks
Next steps for proteinuria in children on dipstick?
Confirm presence of proteinuria with a spot protein/creatinine ratio to r/o proteinuria
How to manage a pt who is traveling to a high-risk TB area?
TB test or interferon-gamma release assay prior to leaving the US.
If negative, repeat testing 8-10 weeks after returning.
Pt developed myopathy on statins and....
another CYP3A4 med...
- Amiodarone
- CCBs
- some HIV meds
- some anti-fungal meds
When is surgical release of a dupuytren's contracture indicated?
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,When the metacarpophalangeal joint is 30* or smaller or with any contracture of the PIP
How to treat traveler's diarrhea?
Azithromycin
What risk factors increase risk of mortality for PNA?
- RR >30
- hypotension
- confusion/disorientation
- BUN >20
- >65 y/o
- male sex
- CHF or COPD
Pityriasis rosea in pregnancy is a/w...
increased rate of spontaneous abortion in the first 15 wks gestation
What are indications for long-term PPI therapy?
- Barrett esophagus
- severe erosive esophagitis
- eosinophilic esophagitis
- pts at high risk for GI bleeding
Why do pt's with Crohn's disease develop diarrhea after ileal resection?
D/t increased amounts of bile acid remaining in the stool. This affects colonic secretion and
motility and various protein factors in the gut --> bile acid diarrhea
Pt with mild hemoptysis, next step...
CXR
T/F: Obesity is a significant risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma?
True
What are symptoms of worsening aortic stenosis?
- exertional dyspnea
- chest pain
- dizziness
A1C diagnosis for T1DM?
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Need 2 A1C>6.5 in the abscence of hyperglycemia
What organ system should be checked yearly for sarcoidosis?
Occular
- inflammation of eye can --> permanent impairment and is often asymptomatic
Ages for HIV screening?
15-65 y/o
Blood pressure management for pt with CKD + proteinuria?
ACE/ARB + thiazide/CCB
Next step for pt with passive SI?
Crisis planning (not a suicide prevention contract - that's not effective)
Infants consuming less than ________ mL formula/day should be supplemented with vit D.
<1,000mL
How much vit D supplement should BFing infants get?
400 IU
What Cobb angle (scoliosis) is at high-risk to progress and should be referred?
20+%
CDC recommends prescribing naloxone when opioid dosage reaches ____ MME
50
What sacral dimples on newborns do not need further imaging?
- no hair or other skin findings
- small <0.5cm
- >2.5cm from anal verge
What is charcot neuroarthropathy?
inflammatory condition that occurs in obese pts w/ peripheral neuropathy and ultimately -->
foot deformities (classic rocker-bottom fot) and resultant ulcerations and infections
- easily mistaken for cellulitis
What is the treatment for charcot neuroarthropathy?
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
