Pharmacology Exam # 2 Practice OBT Questions: updated 2021 with verified selected answers

Pharmacology Exam # 2 Practice OBT Questions: updated 2021 with verified selected answers Which statement by a patient who will begin using an external insulin pump indicates understanding of this device? "I will have an increased risk for hypoglycemia." "I can leave this on while bathing or swimming." "I don't have to count carbohydrates anymore." "I will still need to monitor my blood glucose." A patient who is taking isoniazid as part of a two-drug TB treatment regimen reports tingling of the fingers and toes. The nurse will recommend discussing which treatment with the provider? Adding pyrazinamide Changing to ethambutol Taking pyridoxine (B6) Increasing oral fluid intake The nurse receives the following order for insulin: NPH 100units/mL. Give 10 units IV now. Which action will the nurse perform? Administer the dose as ordered. Question the insulin dose. Clarify the insulin type and route. Give the drug subcutaneously. The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). The nurse learns that the patient is also taking an ACE inhibitor. To monitor for drug interactions, the nurse should request an order for which lab test(s)? Serum electrolytes Complete blood count BUN and creatinine Serum glucose The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a high dose of intravenous azithromycin to treat an infection. The patient is also taking acetaminophen for pain. Which lab values should the nurse review when monitoring for this drug's side effects? Serum electrolytes Liver enzymes Serum BUN and creatinine Complete blood count A patient who has type 2 diabetes asks the nurse why the provider has changed the oral antidiabetic agent from tobutamide to glipizide. What will the nurse explain about the glipizide? It may be taken on an as-needed basis. It has a longer duration of action. It has less hypoglycemic potential. It has fewer GI side effects. The parents of a junior high school child with type 1 diabetes ask the nurse if the child can participate in sports. What should be the nurse's response? Administer an extra dose of insulin just prior to exercise. Monitor the child for hyperglycemia while exercising Send a snack with the child to eat just prior to exercise. Strenuous exercise is not recommended for children with diabetes. A patient who is taking metformin will begin taking levothyroxine. Which of the following should the nurse teach the patient to monitor for? Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia Hypokalemia Hyperkalemia A patient who takes warfarin and digoxin develops hypothyroidism and begins taking levothyroxine. The nurse anticipates which potential adjustment in dosing for this patient? Decreased digoxin and increased warfarin Increased digoxin and decreased warfarin Decreased digoxin and decreased warfarin Increased digoxin and increased warfarin A patient who has been taking a sulfonylurea antidiabetic medication will begin taking metformin. The nurse understands that this patient is at increased risk for which condition? Liver failure Hypoglycemia Renal failure Hyperglycemia A patient who has hyperthyroidism will begin treatment with an antithyroid medication. The patient asks the nurse about dietary requirements. The nurse will counsel the patient to avoid which food(s)? Shellfish Grapefruit Fava Beans Foods high in purine The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an intravenous antibiotic. The patient has a serum drug trough level of 1.5mcg/mL. The normal trough for this drug is 1.7 to 2.2mcg/mL. What will the nurse expect the patient to experience? Minimal adverse effects Slowed onset of action Increased risk of superinfections Inadequate drug effects The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an intravenous antibiotic. The nurse notes that the provider has ordered serum drug peak and trough levels. The nurse understands that these tests are necessary for which type of drugs? Drugs with a narrow spectrum Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index Drugs with a broad therapeutic index Drugs with a broad spectrum The nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced head trauma in an auto accident. The patient is having excessive output of dilute urine. The nurse will notify the provider and will anticipate administering which medication? vasopressin corticotropin calcifediol prednisolone A 35-year-old woman reports lethargy, difficulty remembering things, facial edema, dry skin, and cessation of menses. The nurse notes a heart rate of 60 BPM and a weight increase of 5 pounds from the previous visit. The nurse will notify the prescriber of which possible condition? Myxedema Early menopause Cretinism Hyperthyroidism The nurse is teaching a patient about rifampin. Which patient statement indicates understanding of this drug? "I will need regular eye exams while taking this drug." "I understand that renal toxicity is a common adverse effect." "I should not wear soft contact lenses while taking rifampin." "I will report orange urine to my provider immediately." A patient with insulin-dependent diabetes must take a glucocorticoid medication for osteoarthritis. When teaching this patient, what will the nurse explain? There may be a need to increase the insulin dose. There may be a need to decrease the insulin dose. There may be a need to increase the glucocorticoid dose. There may be a need to decrease the glucocorticoid dose. Which of the following factors can contribute to bacterial resistance to antibiotics? Treating viral infections with antibiotics Giving large doses of antibiotics Skipping doses Taking the full course of antibiotics Frequent use of antibiotics A young adult female who is taking metronidazole (Flagyl) to treat trichomoniasis calls the nurse to report a severe headache, flushing, palpitations, cramping and nausea. What will the nurse do next? Tell her to go to the emergency department immediately. Reassure her that these are harmless side effects. Tell her that this signals a worsening of the infection. Ask about alcohol consumption. The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving desmopressin acetate (DDAVP). Which assessments are important when caring for this patient? Lung sounds and serum magnesium Urine output and serum sodium Heart rate and serum calcium Blood pressure and serum potassium