ICAEW BST EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Situational Ethics Q Approach - ANS 1) what is the issue, do i have all the facts?
2) legal or regulatory issues?
3) codes of conduct?
4) stakeholders involved and how they are impacted?
5) ethical principles or threats?
6) recommended course of action?
7) sustainability / corporate governance / corporate social responsibility issues?
Sustainability - ANS Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs
Social (ESG) - ANS Labour standards
Diversity and inclusion
Health and safety
Human rights etc
Environmental (ESG) - ANS Waste
Air quality
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,Resource use
Governance (ESG) - ANS Board accountability
Shareholder engagement
Anti-bribery and corruption
Impact of ethics on strategy - ANS Revenue streams
Pressure groups
Fairness of labour contracts
Privacy of customers and employees
Trade terms with suppliers
Prices to customers
Cross cultural business
Sustainability factors - ANS Social
Economic
Environmental
Social (SEE) - ANS The way an organisation considers workers rights in supply and customer
chains
Economic (SEE) - ANS Organisational survival and onward benefits of job provision, local
economic development, compliance and investment
Environmental (SEE) - ANS Impact that the organisation has on the environment in terms of
pollution, waste, onward impact of products etc
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - ANS Strategic actions, activities and obligations of
business in achieving sustainability
Proactive Strategy - ANS Full responsibility for corporate actions and situations are managed
before coming to attention
Reactive Strategy - ANS Action is prompted by a pressure group, otherwise no action is taken
Defence Strategy - ANS Obligations arising from problems are minimised, avoided, or passed
on to others
Accommodating Strategy - ANS Responsibility for some corporate matters is taken - done
more when encouraged to do so or to avoid government intervention
Ethical issues in manufacturing - ANS Pollution, carbon emissions etc
Defective, addictive and dangerous products
Living wages, child labour, working conditions
New technologies
End of life products
New Information Systems - Benefits - ANS Increased revenue - data mining
Cost reduction - automation of processes
Enhanced service - fast solving
Improved decision making - forecasting, market analysis etc
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Situational Ethics Q Approach - ANS 1) what is the issue, do i have all the facts?
2) legal or regulatory issues?
3) codes of conduct?
4) stakeholders involved and how they are impacted?
5) ethical principles or threats?
6) recommended course of action?
7) sustainability / corporate governance / corporate social responsibility issues?
Sustainability - ANS Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs
Social (ESG) - ANS Labour standards
Diversity and inclusion
Health and safety
Human rights etc
Environmental (ESG) - ANS Waste
Air quality
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,Resource use
Governance (ESG) - ANS Board accountability
Shareholder engagement
Anti-bribery and corruption
Impact of ethics on strategy - ANS Revenue streams
Pressure groups
Fairness of labour contracts
Privacy of customers and employees
Trade terms with suppliers
Prices to customers
Cross cultural business
Sustainability factors - ANS Social
Economic
Environmental
Social (SEE) - ANS The way an organisation considers workers rights in supply and customer
chains
Economic (SEE) - ANS Organisational survival and onward benefits of job provision, local
economic development, compliance and investment
Environmental (SEE) - ANS Impact that the organisation has on the environment in terms of
pollution, waste, onward impact of products etc
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - ANS Strategic actions, activities and obligations of
business in achieving sustainability
Proactive Strategy - ANS Full responsibility for corporate actions and situations are managed
before coming to attention
Reactive Strategy - ANS Action is prompted by a pressure group, otherwise no action is taken
Defence Strategy - ANS Obligations arising from problems are minimised, avoided, or passed
on to others
Accommodating Strategy - ANS Responsibility for some corporate matters is taken - done
more when encouraged to do so or to avoid government intervention
Ethical issues in manufacturing - ANS Pollution, carbon emissions etc
Defective, addictive and dangerous products
Living wages, child labour, working conditions
New technologies
End of life products
New Information Systems - Benefits - ANS Increased revenue - data mining
Cost reduction - automation of processes
Enhanced service - fast solving
Improved decision making - forecasting, market analysis etc
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
