TAMU BIOL 319 FINAL TEST COHN
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025/2026
The study of STRUCTURE of the body - ANS Define: Anatomy
The study of anatomy on a macroscopic scale - ANS Define: Gross anatomy
The study of tissues - ANS Define: Histology
- Connective
- Epithelial
- Muscle
- Nervous - ANS What are the four types of tissues?
Subcellular anatomy - ANS What is another term for cell biology?
The study of FUNCTION of the body - ANS Define: Physiology
- Carbon
- Oxygen
- Hydrogen
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,- Nitrogen - ANS What are the primary elements that make up the body?
- Lipids
- Protein
- Carbs
- Nucleic Acids - ANS What are the four basic macromolecules that make up the body?
Secretions are deposited into DUCTS and act on targeted areas - ANS Define: Exocrine
Signalers are secreted into the BLOOD and act all throughout the body - ANS Define:
Endocrine
Hormones are secreted in the IMMEDIATE VISCINITY and act on nearby cells - ANS Define:
Paracrine
120/80 - ANS What is the average human's blood pressure?
Systolic pressure; pressure of blood moving through the arm during the heart's CONTRACTION
phase - ANS The numinator in a blood pressure measurement is called _________ and
reflects __________.
Diastolic pressure; pressure of blood moving through the arm during the heart's RELAXATION
phase - ANS The denominator in a blood pressure measurement is called _________ and
reflects __________.
- Waste
- Oxygen
- Hormones
- Nutrients - ANS What four major things does the blood transport?
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,Urea and CO2 - ANS Nitrogenous waste is comprised of ________.
Protein breakdown - ANS Urea is generated by the process of _________.
Glycolysis - ANS CO2 is derived from _________.
Endocrine - ANS Hormones are released from _______ glands.
They change the physiology of the cells to increase or decrease a particular function -
ANS How do hormones interact with their target cells?
Articulation - ANS What is another word for a joint?
The skeleton provides the scaffolding while the muscle provides the locomotion - ANS What
is the relationship between muscle and the skeleton?
Bone - ANS The CNS is encased by ________.
Calcium and phosphate - ANS Bone is primarily comprised of what elements.
2+ - ANS What is the charge on calcium in the body?
3- - ANS What's the charge of phosphate in the body?
True - ANS T/F: Every muscle in the body is directly or indirectly attached to the skeletal
system.
Muscular system - ANS What is the heaviest organ system in the body?
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, Skeletal muscle - ANS Another name for striated muscle is ___________.
- Provide movement
- Produce heat - ANS What are the two main function of skeletal muscle?
Lining organs - ANS Where is smooth muscle found?
Cardiac and skeletal - ANS Which muscle(s) types are striated?
Cardiac muscle - ANS The heart is primarily comprised of ______.
To take in external and internal stimuli, sum up the info, process it, and then send out a
response - ANS What is the function of the nervous system?
Milliseconds - ANS Impulses propogate in a matter of ____________.
Everything in the nervous system except the brain and spinal chord - ANS The PNS is
comprised of ____________.
31 - ANS How many PNS nerves extend from the spinal cord?
12 - ANS There are ______ pairs of cranial nerves that extend directly from the brain and
control things only above the neck.
The skin and associated structures (such as sweat glands) - ANS The integumentary system is
comprised of what organ(s).
The integumentary system - ANS What is the largest system of the body.
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025/2026
The study of STRUCTURE of the body - ANS Define: Anatomy
The study of anatomy on a macroscopic scale - ANS Define: Gross anatomy
The study of tissues - ANS Define: Histology
- Connective
- Epithelial
- Muscle
- Nervous - ANS What are the four types of tissues?
Subcellular anatomy - ANS What is another term for cell biology?
The study of FUNCTION of the body - ANS Define: Physiology
- Carbon
- Oxygen
- Hydrogen
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,- Nitrogen - ANS What are the primary elements that make up the body?
- Lipids
- Protein
- Carbs
- Nucleic Acids - ANS What are the four basic macromolecules that make up the body?
Secretions are deposited into DUCTS and act on targeted areas - ANS Define: Exocrine
Signalers are secreted into the BLOOD and act all throughout the body - ANS Define:
Endocrine
Hormones are secreted in the IMMEDIATE VISCINITY and act on nearby cells - ANS Define:
Paracrine
120/80 - ANS What is the average human's blood pressure?
Systolic pressure; pressure of blood moving through the arm during the heart's CONTRACTION
phase - ANS The numinator in a blood pressure measurement is called _________ and
reflects __________.
Diastolic pressure; pressure of blood moving through the arm during the heart's RELAXATION
phase - ANS The denominator in a blood pressure measurement is called _________ and
reflects __________.
- Waste
- Oxygen
- Hormones
- Nutrients - ANS What four major things does the blood transport?
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,Urea and CO2 - ANS Nitrogenous waste is comprised of ________.
Protein breakdown - ANS Urea is generated by the process of _________.
Glycolysis - ANS CO2 is derived from _________.
Endocrine - ANS Hormones are released from _______ glands.
They change the physiology of the cells to increase or decrease a particular function -
ANS How do hormones interact with their target cells?
Articulation - ANS What is another word for a joint?
The skeleton provides the scaffolding while the muscle provides the locomotion - ANS What
is the relationship between muscle and the skeleton?
Bone - ANS The CNS is encased by ________.
Calcium and phosphate - ANS Bone is primarily comprised of what elements.
2+ - ANS What is the charge on calcium in the body?
3- - ANS What's the charge of phosphate in the body?
True - ANS T/F: Every muscle in the body is directly or indirectly attached to the skeletal
system.
Muscular system - ANS What is the heaviest organ system in the body?
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Skeletal muscle - ANS Another name for striated muscle is ___________.
- Provide movement
- Produce heat - ANS What are the two main function of skeletal muscle?
Lining organs - ANS Where is smooth muscle found?
Cardiac and skeletal - ANS Which muscle(s) types are striated?
Cardiac muscle - ANS The heart is primarily comprised of ______.
To take in external and internal stimuli, sum up the info, process it, and then send out a
response - ANS What is the function of the nervous system?
Milliseconds - ANS Impulses propogate in a matter of ____________.
Everything in the nervous system except the brain and spinal chord - ANS The PNS is
comprised of ____________.
31 - ANS How many PNS nerves extend from the spinal cord?
12 - ANS There are ______ pairs of cranial nerves that extend directly from the brain and
control things only above the neck.
The skin and associated structures (such as sweat glands) - ANS The integumentary system is
comprised of what organ(s).
The integumentary system - ANS What is the largest system of the body.
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
