Test BANK 4 Study Guide Exam
Questions and Answers (verified
answers)2026 RATED A+
Definitions - CORRECT ANSWERS
● Act Utilitarianism - CORRECT ANSWERS Looks at the consequences of each individual act
and calculates utility each time the act is performed.
● Rule Utilitarianism - CORRECT ANSWERS Looks at the consequences of having everyone
follow a particular rule and calculates the overall utility of accepting or rejecting the rule.
● Supererogatory - CORRECT ANSWERS an act that goes above and beyond of what is
demanded by one's duty
ORGAN DONATION: - CORRECT ANSWERS
"Whose body is it anyway?": - CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the main argument of the article? - CORRECT ANSWERS -Organ transplantation saves
lives and it cost-effective BUT there is a severe shortage of available organs.
-One proposal: To allow people to sell their organs.
What are some arguments against selling organs? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) People have such a
close association with their bodies that making parts of their bodies be available for sale in tantamount
to considering the people themselves as chattels.
2) This would lead to exploitation of poor by rich
, - the poor would become walking organ banks.
What is presumed consent legislation? - CORRECT ANSWERS Laws that mandate the
harvesting of organs after a person's death UNLESS people have explicitly stipulated that they do not
wish to be organ donors
What are some reasons for people's reluctance to atheir organs? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1)
Religious Reasons
2) Psychological reasons
3) Lack of awareness or misinformation on organ donation
What is the "double veto" system? - CORRECT ANSWERS The donor and his family both have
a right to veto organ retrieval.
According to Kluge, what is the problem of giving the deceased person's family a right to veto organ
retrieval? - CORRECT ANSWERS The next of kin is required EVEN if deceased person has
agreed to organ donation prior to death!
- This violates the autonomy and informed consent of the deceased.
"The Survival Lottery": - CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the "Conventional Doctrine"? - CORRECT ANSWERS The distinction between "killing"
and "letting die," together with the assumption that the difference between killing and letting die must,
by itself and apart from further consequences, constitute a genuine moral difference.
- On this basis, we have a STRICT obligation not to kill
What ethical theory does Harris follow in his proposal? - CORRECT ANSWERS Utilitarianism
Questions and Answers (verified
answers)2026 RATED A+
Definitions - CORRECT ANSWERS
● Act Utilitarianism - CORRECT ANSWERS Looks at the consequences of each individual act
and calculates utility each time the act is performed.
● Rule Utilitarianism - CORRECT ANSWERS Looks at the consequences of having everyone
follow a particular rule and calculates the overall utility of accepting or rejecting the rule.
● Supererogatory - CORRECT ANSWERS an act that goes above and beyond of what is
demanded by one's duty
ORGAN DONATION: - CORRECT ANSWERS
"Whose body is it anyway?": - CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the main argument of the article? - CORRECT ANSWERS -Organ transplantation saves
lives and it cost-effective BUT there is a severe shortage of available organs.
-One proposal: To allow people to sell their organs.
What are some arguments against selling organs? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) People have such a
close association with their bodies that making parts of their bodies be available for sale in tantamount
to considering the people themselves as chattels.
2) This would lead to exploitation of poor by rich
, - the poor would become walking organ banks.
What is presumed consent legislation? - CORRECT ANSWERS Laws that mandate the
harvesting of organs after a person's death UNLESS people have explicitly stipulated that they do not
wish to be organ donors
What are some reasons for people's reluctance to atheir organs? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1)
Religious Reasons
2) Psychological reasons
3) Lack of awareness or misinformation on organ donation
What is the "double veto" system? - CORRECT ANSWERS The donor and his family both have
a right to veto organ retrieval.
According to Kluge, what is the problem of giving the deceased person's family a right to veto organ
retrieval? - CORRECT ANSWERS The next of kin is required EVEN if deceased person has
agreed to organ donation prior to death!
- This violates the autonomy and informed consent of the deceased.
"The Survival Lottery": - CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the "Conventional Doctrine"? - CORRECT ANSWERS The distinction between "killing"
and "letting die," together with the assumption that the difference between killing and letting die must,
by itself and apart from further consequences, constitute a genuine moral difference.
- On this basis, we have a STRICT obligation not to kill
What ethical theory does Harris follow in his proposal? - CORRECT ANSWERS Utilitarianism
