ABDOMEN-2 UPDATED FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Foregut organs - CORRECT ANSWERS -stomach
-1/2 duodenum (b/c lower half supplied by mesentaric aa)
-liver
-pancreas
-spleen
the stomach carries out what type(s) of digestion? - CORRECT ANSWERS expansive
chamber
-chemical (enzymatic and acids) and mechanical digestion
how and when does the stomach flatten? - CORRECT ANSWERS flattened with rugae
(internal folds) when empty
-> rugae- organ that is capable of extreme destention (allows organ to stretch)
when does the stomach stretch? - CORRECT ANSWERS stretches when filled to gold 2-3L
of food (jellybeans, peeps, chocolate rabbit)
where does the stomach lie? - CORRECT ANSWERS lies in epigastric umbilical and left
hypochondrium regions (but highly variable depending on body type)
the abdomen is subdivided by? - CORRECT ANSWERS 2 transverse planes and 2 saggittal
planes
(there are 4 common planes of each used by clinicians)
,the transverse planes are? which are most common? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. transpyloric
and interspinus planes
2. subcostal and interspinus planes (<-those are most common)
the sagittal planes are? which are most common? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. midclavicular
lines (<-most common)
2. semilunlar lines (not common now b/c of obesity)
transpyloric (L1) planes - CORRECT ANSWERS midway btw manubrium and pubic
symphysis (pubic hair line)
interspinous planes - CORRECT ANSWERS anterior superior iliac spines (ASIS) on iliac crest
subcostal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS inferior border of 10th costal cartilage
(find bottom of the ribs, and its there)
transtubercular plane - CORRECT ANSWERS through the iliac tubercles, about 5 cm
posterior to ASIS
abdomenal planes and quadrants - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. hypogastric
2. Right inguinal
3. right lumbar
4. umbilical
5. right hypochondrium
6. epigastric
7. left hypochondrium
, 8. subcoastal
9. left lumbar
10. transtubercular
11. left inguinal
12. midclavicular
*vertebral levels:
T9, L1, L3, L3/4, L4, ASIS
name associated landmarks? - CORRECT ANSWERS T9- xiphoid process
L1- thranspyloric plane (pylorus, pancreatic neck, duodeno-jejunal flexure, hila to kidneys)
L3- subcostal plane
L3/4- umbilicus
L4- iliac crest plane
ASIS- sacrum
2 verticle planes/lines on abdomen - CORRECT ANSWERS -midclavicular
-semilunar
how many (and types) of planes constitute the 9 zones on abdomen? - CORRECT
ANSWERS horizontal planes (4)
vertical planes (2)
the stomach lies between (attached at 2 points) to what organs? - CORRECT
ANSWERS esophagus and duodenum (1st part of small intestine)
-the rest of the stomach is hanging/floating
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Foregut organs - CORRECT ANSWERS -stomach
-1/2 duodenum (b/c lower half supplied by mesentaric aa)
-liver
-pancreas
-spleen
the stomach carries out what type(s) of digestion? - CORRECT ANSWERS expansive
chamber
-chemical (enzymatic and acids) and mechanical digestion
how and when does the stomach flatten? - CORRECT ANSWERS flattened with rugae
(internal folds) when empty
-> rugae- organ that is capable of extreme destention (allows organ to stretch)
when does the stomach stretch? - CORRECT ANSWERS stretches when filled to gold 2-3L
of food (jellybeans, peeps, chocolate rabbit)
where does the stomach lie? - CORRECT ANSWERS lies in epigastric umbilical and left
hypochondrium regions (but highly variable depending on body type)
the abdomen is subdivided by? - CORRECT ANSWERS 2 transverse planes and 2 saggittal
planes
(there are 4 common planes of each used by clinicians)
,the transverse planes are? which are most common? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. transpyloric
and interspinus planes
2. subcostal and interspinus planes (<-those are most common)
the sagittal planes are? which are most common? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. midclavicular
lines (<-most common)
2. semilunlar lines (not common now b/c of obesity)
transpyloric (L1) planes - CORRECT ANSWERS midway btw manubrium and pubic
symphysis (pubic hair line)
interspinous planes - CORRECT ANSWERS anterior superior iliac spines (ASIS) on iliac crest
subcostal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS inferior border of 10th costal cartilage
(find bottom of the ribs, and its there)
transtubercular plane - CORRECT ANSWERS through the iliac tubercles, about 5 cm
posterior to ASIS
abdomenal planes and quadrants - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. hypogastric
2. Right inguinal
3. right lumbar
4. umbilical
5. right hypochondrium
6. epigastric
7. left hypochondrium
, 8. subcoastal
9. left lumbar
10. transtubercular
11. left inguinal
12. midclavicular
*vertebral levels:
T9, L1, L3, L3/4, L4, ASIS
name associated landmarks? - CORRECT ANSWERS T9- xiphoid process
L1- thranspyloric plane (pylorus, pancreatic neck, duodeno-jejunal flexure, hila to kidneys)
L3- subcostal plane
L3/4- umbilicus
L4- iliac crest plane
ASIS- sacrum
2 verticle planes/lines on abdomen - CORRECT ANSWERS -midclavicular
-semilunar
how many (and types) of planes constitute the 9 zones on abdomen? - CORRECT
ANSWERS horizontal planes (4)
vertical planes (2)
the stomach lies between (attached at 2 points) to what organs? - CORRECT
ANSWERS esophagus and duodenum (1st part of small intestine)
-the rest of the stomach is hanging/floating
