POS 2041 Exam 4 Study Guide/ POS 2041 Exam 4/ POS
2041 / U.S. Government Final Exam Study Guide/ Final
Exam Study Guide - POS 2041: U.S. Government/ POS
2041 U.S. Government With complete solu$on NEW
EDITION
Cons tu onal requirements for the posi on of the president
Natural born ci zen,
At least 35 years old,
Resided in the United States for at least 14 years
22nd Amendment
Limits the president to two terms.
25th Amendment
Presiden al Succession; Vice Presiden al Vacancy; Presiden al Inability
Commander in Chief
Head of the armed forces of the United States
Chief of Staff
the person who oversees the opera ons of all White House staff and controls access to the
president
Execu$ve privilege
President's right to engage in confiden al communica ons with his advisors
Veto
Authority of the president to block legisla ons passed by Congress. Congress can override a
veto by a two-thirds majority in each chamber
Pocket Veto
,Automa c veto that occurs when Congress goes out of session within ten days of submi4ng a
bill to the president and the president has not signed it.
veto override
reversal of a presiden al veto by a two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress
oversight
the effort by Congress, through hearings, inves ga ons, and other techniques, to exercise
control over the ac vi es of execu ve agencies
Recogni on of foreign na ons
interna onal law is a unilateral declara$ve poli$cal act of a state that acknowledges an act or
status of another state or government in control of a state
New Deal
A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administra on between 1933 and 1942
with the goal of ending the Great Depression.
Great Society
President Johnson called his version of the Democra c reform program the Great Society. In
1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legisla on,
and federal aid to educa on.
Reagan Revolu on
the policies of the first reagan administra on which increased defense spending reduced social
programs and cut taxes they were based on supply side theory of growing the economy by
cu4ng government interference and taxes
Bureaucracy
Execu ve branch departments, agencies, boards, and commissions that carry out the
responsibili es of the federal government.
Cabinet
Set of execu ve departments responsible for carrying out federal policy in specific issue areas.
independent agencies
agencies in the execu ve branch of the federal government formed by Congress to help enforce
laws and regula ons not covered by the execu ve departments
,general process for making a regula on
dra?ed within the agencies by career staffers, not elected officials
How to change a regula on once it is made
can be done through the court system or Congress can disapprove of the regula on once it's
been published
Career Civil Servants
Federal employees who are hired through a merit-based system to implement federal programs
and who are expected to be neutral in their poli cal affilia ons
poli cal appointees
Federal employees appointed by the president with the explicit task of carrying out his poli cal
and par san agenda
Private sector contract workers
Employees of companies or individual workers who hired outside of the federal government
structure from the private sector to administer programs and carry out tasks associated with
specific policies
Freedom of Informa on Act
for a nominal fee, ci zens can request federal documents, as long as the documents are not
classified
Pendleton Act
1883 Act that established a merit- and performance-based system for federal employment
Government in the Sunshine Act
increased government transparency by holding public forums for the public to comment on
proposed regula ons
Whistleblower Protec on Act
provides protec ons for whistleblowers, including a grievance and appeal process
red tape
Excessive bureaucracy or adherence to the rules and formali es, typically resul ng in delay or
inac on
, The Bureaucracy, Presiden al Powers, and the Cons tu on
•Presiden al Appointments,
•Opinions on Federal Policies,
•Execu on of the Laws
cabinet-level departments
Cabinet departments are complex hierarchical organiza ons with layers of authority and
sublevel agencies that have jurisdic on over specific federal programs and policies
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
•Federal agency that oversees the federal budget and all federal regula ons
Federal Regulatory Commission
Federal agency typically run by a small number of officials, known as commissioners, who are
appointed by the president for fixed terms and oversee economic or poli cal issues
appeal
Legal proceeding whereby the decision of a lower court on a ques on of law can be challenged
and reviewed by a higher court
Criminal case
•Government prosecu on of an individual for breaking the law
Civil suit
•Lawsuit by a person, organiza on, or government against another person, organiza on, or
government
Adversary process
Confronta onal legal proves under which each party presents its version of events
Marbury v. Madison
Established judicial review
Chisolm v. Georgia (1793)
ci zens of one state have the right to sue another state in federal court
Concurring opinion
2041 / U.S. Government Final Exam Study Guide/ Final
Exam Study Guide - POS 2041: U.S. Government/ POS
2041 U.S. Government With complete solu$on NEW
EDITION
Cons tu onal requirements for the posi on of the president
Natural born ci zen,
At least 35 years old,
Resided in the United States for at least 14 years
22nd Amendment
Limits the president to two terms.
25th Amendment
Presiden al Succession; Vice Presiden al Vacancy; Presiden al Inability
Commander in Chief
Head of the armed forces of the United States
Chief of Staff
the person who oversees the opera ons of all White House staff and controls access to the
president
Execu$ve privilege
President's right to engage in confiden al communica ons with his advisors
Veto
Authority of the president to block legisla ons passed by Congress. Congress can override a
veto by a two-thirds majority in each chamber
Pocket Veto
,Automa c veto that occurs when Congress goes out of session within ten days of submi4ng a
bill to the president and the president has not signed it.
veto override
reversal of a presiden al veto by a two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress
oversight
the effort by Congress, through hearings, inves ga ons, and other techniques, to exercise
control over the ac vi es of execu ve agencies
Recogni on of foreign na ons
interna onal law is a unilateral declara$ve poli$cal act of a state that acknowledges an act or
status of another state or government in control of a state
New Deal
A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administra on between 1933 and 1942
with the goal of ending the Great Depression.
Great Society
President Johnson called his version of the Democra c reform program the Great Society. In
1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legisla on,
and federal aid to educa on.
Reagan Revolu on
the policies of the first reagan administra on which increased defense spending reduced social
programs and cut taxes they were based on supply side theory of growing the economy by
cu4ng government interference and taxes
Bureaucracy
Execu ve branch departments, agencies, boards, and commissions that carry out the
responsibili es of the federal government.
Cabinet
Set of execu ve departments responsible for carrying out federal policy in specific issue areas.
independent agencies
agencies in the execu ve branch of the federal government formed by Congress to help enforce
laws and regula ons not covered by the execu ve departments
,general process for making a regula on
dra?ed within the agencies by career staffers, not elected officials
How to change a regula on once it is made
can be done through the court system or Congress can disapprove of the regula on once it's
been published
Career Civil Servants
Federal employees who are hired through a merit-based system to implement federal programs
and who are expected to be neutral in their poli cal affilia ons
poli cal appointees
Federal employees appointed by the president with the explicit task of carrying out his poli cal
and par san agenda
Private sector contract workers
Employees of companies or individual workers who hired outside of the federal government
structure from the private sector to administer programs and carry out tasks associated with
specific policies
Freedom of Informa on Act
for a nominal fee, ci zens can request federal documents, as long as the documents are not
classified
Pendleton Act
1883 Act that established a merit- and performance-based system for federal employment
Government in the Sunshine Act
increased government transparency by holding public forums for the public to comment on
proposed regula ons
Whistleblower Protec on Act
provides protec ons for whistleblowers, including a grievance and appeal process
red tape
Excessive bureaucracy or adherence to the rules and formali es, typically resul ng in delay or
inac on
, The Bureaucracy, Presiden al Powers, and the Cons tu on
•Presiden al Appointments,
•Opinions on Federal Policies,
•Execu on of the Laws
cabinet-level departments
Cabinet departments are complex hierarchical organiza ons with layers of authority and
sublevel agencies that have jurisdic on over specific federal programs and policies
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
•Federal agency that oversees the federal budget and all federal regula ons
Federal Regulatory Commission
Federal agency typically run by a small number of officials, known as commissioners, who are
appointed by the president for fixed terms and oversee economic or poli cal issues
appeal
Legal proceeding whereby the decision of a lower court on a ques on of law can be challenged
and reviewed by a higher court
Criminal case
•Government prosecu on of an individual for breaking the law
Civil suit
•Lawsuit by a person, organiza on, or government against another person, organiza on, or
government
Adversary process
Confronta onal legal proves under which each party presents its version of events
Marbury v. Madison
Established judicial review
Chisolm v. Georgia (1793)
ci zens of one state have the right to sue another state in federal court
Concurring opinion
