CCMA EXAM 2026 graded A+ questions and verified answers 100%\\\pass!!!
Portal of Exit - answer-the method by which an infectious agent leaves the reservoir
5 Modes of Transmission - answer-Droplet, Airborne, Common Vehicle, Vectorborne,
Contact (direct or indirect)
Susceptible Host - answer-Not Resistant or Immune
Medical Asepsis - answer-the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after they
leave the body
disinfection - answer-use of various chemicals that can be used to destroy many
pathogenic microorganisms
1:10 Solution - answer-most readily available and least expensive disenfectant
surgical asepsis - answer-all microbial life, pathogens and non pathogens are
destroyed before an invasive procedure
Gas Sterilization - answer-often used for wheelchairs and hospital beds
Dry Heat Sterilization - answer-requires higher temperature than steam sterilization but
longer exposure times
Chemical Sterilization - answer-use of the same chemical used for chemical
disinfection
Steam Sterilization (autoclave) - answer-uses steam under pressure to obtain high
temperature of 250-254F with exposure of 20-40 min
Handwashing - answer-the most important means of preventing the spread of infection
Personal Protective Equipment - answer-Masks, goggles, face shileds, respirators
isolation precautions - answer-method of infection control that assumes all human
blood and body fluids were potentially infectious
standard precautions - answer-designed to prevent direct contact with blood and other
body fluids u using PPE
,transmission based precautions - answer-the second tier of precautions are to be used
when the patient is known or suspected of being contagious
po - answer-by mouth/orally
pr - answer-per rectum
sl - answer-sublingual (under the tongue)
iv - answer-intravenous
im - answer-intramuscular
sq - answer-subcutaneous
qd - answer-every day
bid - answer-twice a day
tid - answer-three times a day
qid - answer-four times a day
pc - answer-after meals / not on empty stomach
qhs - answer-each night
prn - answer-as needed
heart location - answer-in the thoracic cavity between the lungs just behind the sternum
Upper chambers of the heart - answer-right & left atria (atrium-singular)
Lower chambers of the hear - answer-Right & left ventricles
Endocardium - answer-innermost layer of the heart
Myocardium - answer-middle layer of the heart
Epicardium - answer-outermost layer of the heart
pericardium - answer-the sac in which the heart is contained
right atrium - answer-receives deoxygenated blood returning to the heart via the
superior vena cava
,right ventricle - answer-receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium which it
pumps to the lungs for oxygenation through the pulmonary artery
pulmonary arteries - answer-the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated
blood
left atrium - answer-receives deoxygenated blood returning from the lungs via the rught
and left pulmonary veins
pulmonary veins - answer-the only beins in the body that carry oxygenated blood
left ventricle - answer-receives the oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it
to the body through the aorta
aorta - answer-the largest artery of the body
Atrioventicular Valves (AV) - answer-Tricuspid & Mitral Valve
Tricuspid Valve - answer-;between the right atrium and the right ventricle
Mitral Valve - answer-between the left atrium and left ventricle
Pulmonic Valve - answer-between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Aortic Valve - answer-between the left ventricle and aorta
Murmurs - answer-caused by diseases of the valves or other structural abnormalities
S1 - answer-first heart sound
S2 - answer-second heart sound
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) - answer-subdivided into Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic systems
ANS - answer-Automatic Nervous System
sympathetic nervous system - answer-affect both the atria and ventricles by increasing
the heart rate
parasympathetic nervous system - answer-affects only the atria by decreasing the
heart rate
, automaticity - answer-the ability of the cardiac pacemaker cells to spontaneously
initiate their own electrical impulse without being stimulated from another source
excitability - answer-the ability to respond to external stimulus: chemical,electrical, and
mechanical
conductivity - answer-the ability of all cardiac cells to receive an electrical stimulus and
transmit the stimulus to other cardiac cells
Contractility - answer-the ability of the cardiac cells to shorten and cause cardiac
muscle contraction in response to an electrical stimulus
Depolarization - answer-positive - contracting
repolarization - answer-negative - relaxation
SA Node - answer-primary pacemaker of the heart and has a normal firing rate of 60-
100 bpm
LEAD I - answer-Left Arm is positive
Right Arm is negative
LEAD II - answer-Left Leg is Positive
Right Arm is negative
LEAD III - answer-Left Leg is positive
Left Arm is negative
Lead aVR - answer-Right arm is positive and the other limbs are negative
Lead aVL - answer-Left arm is positive and the other limbs are negative
Lead aVF - answer-Left leg/foot is positive and the other limbs are negative
V1 - answer-4th intercostal space, right sternal border
V2 - answer-4th intercostal space, left sternal border
V3 - answer-between v2 and v4
V4 - answer-5th intercostal space, left midclavicular line
V5 - answer-5th intercostal space, anterior axillary line
V6 - answer-5th intercostal space, midaxillary line
Portal of Exit - answer-the method by which an infectious agent leaves the reservoir
5 Modes of Transmission - answer-Droplet, Airborne, Common Vehicle, Vectorborne,
Contact (direct or indirect)
Susceptible Host - answer-Not Resistant or Immune
Medical Asepsis - answer-the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after they
leave the body
disinfection - answer-use of various chemicals that can be used to destroy many
pathogenic microorganisms
1:10 Solution - answer-most readily available and least expensive disenfectant
surgical asepsis - answer-all microbial life, pathogens and non pathogens are
destroyed before an invasive procedure
Gas Sterilization - answer-often used for wheelchairs and hospital beds
Dry Heat Sterilization - answer-requires higher temperature than steam sterilization but
longer exposure times
Chemical Sterilization - answer-use of the same chemical used for chemical
disinfection
Steam Sterilization (autoclave) - answer-uses steam under pressure to obtain high
temperature of 250-254F with exposure of 20-40 min
Handwashing - answer-the most important means of preventing the spread of infection
Personal Protective Equipment - answer-Masks, goggles, face shileds, respirators
isolation precautions - answer-method of infection control that assumes all human
blood and body fluids were potentially infectious
standard precautions - answer-designed to prevent direct contact with blood and other
body fluids u using PPE
,transmission based precautions - answer-the second tier of precautions are to be used
when the patient is known or suspected of being contagious
po - answer-by mouth/orally
pr - answer-per rectum
sl - answer-sublingual (under the tongue)
iv - answer-intravenous
im - answer-intramuscular
sq - answer-subcutaneous
qd - answer-every day
bid - answer-twice a day
tid - answer-three times a day
qid - answer-four times a day
pc - answer-after meals / not on empty stomach
qhs - answer-each night
prn - answer-as needed
heart location - answer-in the thoracic cavity between the lungs just behind the sternum
Upper chambers of the heart - answer-right & left atria (atrium-singular)
Lower chambers of the hear - answer-Right & left ventricles
Endocardium - answer-innermost layer of the heart
Myocardium - answer-middle layer of the heart
Epicardium - answer-outermost layer of the heart
pericardium - answer-the sac in which the heart is contained
right atrium - answer-receives deoxygenated blood returning to the heart via the
superior vena cava
,right ventricle - answer-receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium which it
pumps to the lungs for oxygenation through the pulmonary artery
pulmonary arteries - answer-the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated
blood
left atrium - answer-receives deoxygenated blood returning from the lungs via the rught
and left pulmonary veins
pulmonary veins - answer-the only beins in the body that carry oxygenated blood
left ventricle - answer-receives the oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it
to the body through the aorta
aorta - answer-the largest artery of the body
Atrioventicular Valves (AV) - answer-Tricuspid & Mitral Valve
Tricuspid Valve - answer-;between the right atrium and the right ventricle
Mitral Valve - answer-between the left atrium and left ventricle
Pulmonic Valve - answer-between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Aortic Valve - answer-between the left ventricle and aorta
Murmurs - answer-caused by diseases of the valves or other structural abnormalities
S1 - answer-first heart sound
S2 - answer-second heart sound
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) - answer-subdivided into Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic systems
ANS - answer-Automatic Nervous System
sympathetic nervous system - answer-affect both the atria and ventricles by increasing
the heart rate
parasympathetic nervous system - answer-affects only the atria by decreasing the
heart rate
, automaticity - answer-the ability of the cardiac pacemaker cells to spontaneously
initiate their own electrical impulse without being stimulated from another source
excitability - answer-the ability to respond to external stimulus: chemical,electrical, and
mechanical
conductivity - answer-the ability of all cardiac cells to receive an electrical stimulus and
transmit the stimulus to other cardiac cells
Contractility - answer-the ability of the cardiac cells to shorten and cause cardiac
muscle contraction in response to an electrical stimulus
Depolarization - answer-positive - contracting
repolarization - answer-negative - relaxation
SA Node - answer-primary pacemaker of the heart and has a normal firing rate of 60-
100 bpm
LEAD I - answer-Left Arm is positive
Right Arm is negative
LEAD II - answer-Left Leg is Positive
Right Arm is negative
LEAD III - answer-Left Leg is positive
Left Arm is negative
Lead aVR - answer-Right arm is positive and the other limbs are negative
Lead aVL - answer-Left arm is positive and the other limbs are negative
Lead aVF - answer-Left leg/foot is positive and the other limbs are negative
V1 - answer-4th intercostal space, right sternal border
V2 - answer-4th intercostal space, left sternal border
V3 - answer-between v2 and v4
V4 - answer-5th intercostal space, left midclavicular line
V5 - answer-5th intercostal space, anterior axillary line
V6 - answer-5th intercostal space, midaxillary line
