Education Certified Solutions 2025/2026
Monitor hypothesis - correct answer when an individual learned rules of
grammar, he is able to monitor consciously discourse he hears in the future.
Sociocognitive approach to language development - correct answer true
competence is demonstrated in the ability to express oneself in different social
contexts. Emphasizes importance of conversation
Natural order hypothesis - correct answer acquisition will follow a natural,
predictable pattern.
Certain grammatical structures will be acquired before others.
Supports that bilingual programs should follow a specific order
Affective filter hypothesis - correct answer number of emotional factors
contribute to acquisition of a second language.
Presences of significant anxiety or low self-esteem can make it difficult or raise
filter for learning.
Register - correct answer the form of language appropriate to a given situation
Dialect - correct answer a version of a language that is used by a particular
group of people
Three phases of development of phonics knowledge - correct answer 1.
Logographic phase- words as pictures
2. Analytic phase- components of words, begin to notice words that look alike
3. Orthographic phrase-familiar and unfamiliar words, sight vocab
, 4 stages of spelling development - correct answer 1-prephonic- don't
understand sounds w/ letters
2-phonetic- students recognize sounds and use appropriate letters
3- transitional -small sight vocab, and understand complex associations of
sounds
4- conventional- near-perfect spelling and large sight vocab
Phoneme - correct answer smallest distinguishable unit of sound that can hold
meaning in a given language
Morpheme - correct answer smallest meaningful unit of a morphological
system
(boy)
(s)
Together=boys, on own=morphemes
Phonetics - correct answer study of sounds made during human speech
Pragmatics - correct answer the system by which language is used in social
interactions
Consonants - correct answer formed by a motion that somehow blocks the
flow of air.
Vowel - correct answer formed by vibration of air
Dipthong - correct answer single, but sifting sound made by the combination of
two or more vowels.