CardioPulm 2 Exam ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
what is the first signs of CAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS TIA
CAD causes what percent of CVAs? - CORRECT ANSWERS 10-15%
what is PAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS atherosclerosis in the peripheral
arteries
decreased blood flow due to narrowing of the arteries which cause poor
perfusion of O2 to tissues
what does PAD lead to? - CORRECT ANSWERS angina or MI
what are s/s and integumentary changes of arterial insufficiency? - CORRECT
ANSWERS skin color changes (pallor, dependent rubor)
pain
paresthesia
pulseless
cold skin
IC
fast rise in BP
slow cap refill
hair loss
thick toenails
what are assessments to use to assess arterial insufficiency? - CORRECT
ANSWERS pulses of peripheral arteries
,bruits
BP
ABI
doppler
angiography
treadmill test
how long should it normally take for color to come back after a nail blanch? -
CORRECT ANSWERS 2-3 sec
what is the equation for ABI? - CORRECT ANSWERS systolic BP of
ankle (dorsal pedis or posterior tib) divided by highest systolic BP of both arms
(brachial artery)
what ABI is considered normal? - CORRECT ANSWERS 0.9 - 1.4
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement >= 1.3? - CORRECT ANSWERS abnormal calcification
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement >= 1.0? - CORRECT ANSWERS normal
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement 0.9 - 0.99? - CORRECT ANSWERS borderline PAD
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement 0.7 - 0.89? - CORRECT ANSWERS mild PAD
,ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement 0.5 - 0.69? - CORRECT ANSWERS moderate PAD
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement < 0.5? - CORRECT ANSWERS severe PAD with
impending gangrene
what is IC? - CORRECT ANSWERS angina of the LEs from ischemia
what are s/s of neurogenic claudication (pseudoclaudication)? what makes it
better and what makes it worse? - CORRECT ANSWERS cramping,
tightness, tiredness in both legs
asymptomatic when inactive
back extension increases pain (standing)
forward flexion relieves pain (shopping cart sign)
what warrants an urgent referral for a person with neurogenic claudication? -
CORRECT ANSWERS weakness and numbness
what are s/s of vascular claudication (intermittent claudication)? - CORRECT
ANSWERS one leg cramping, tightness, peripheral pulse absent
asymptomatic when inactive
walking, stairs, hills make pain worse
resting makes pain better
what warrants an urgent referral for a person with vascular claudication? -
CORRECT ANSWERS onset of pain at rest with skin changes
, what is the claudication pain scale? - CORRECT ANSWERS 0 = no
pain
1 = initial, minimal pain
2 = moderate, bothersome pain
3 = intense pain
4 = maximum pain, can't go on
what is the gold standard diagnostic test for the severity of PAD? - CORRECT
ANSWERS ABI
what should be included in the treatment for a pt with IC? - CORRECT
ANSWERS warm up and cool down
intervals 1-5 min
progressive walking to pain level 3, rest until pain is gone, resume
strengthen major muscle groups in LE
progress to 30-60 min walking (minus rest periods) 3-5 days/week
what are the effects of exercise on PAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS
aerobic exercise increases tolerance before perceiving fatigue or IC
pt with PAD can exercise with symptoms of PAD
exercise lowers BP in hypertensive adults
long term exercise increases HDL
exercise improves response to stress
pts with angina should not exercise to the point of angina or with angina.
true or false - CORRECT ANSWERS true
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
what is the first signs of CAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS TIA
CAD causes what percent of CVAs? - CORRECT ANSWERS 10-15%
what is PAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS atherosclerosis in the peripheral
arteries
decreased blood flow due to narrowing of the arteries which cause poor
perfusion of O2 to tissues
what does PAD lead to? - CORRECT ANSWERS angina or MI
what are s/s and integumentary changes of arterial insufficiency? - CORRECT
ANSWERS skin color changes (pallor, dependent rubor)
pain
paresthesia
pulseless
cold skin
IC
fast rise in BP
slow cap refill
hair loss
thick toenails
what are assessments to use to assess arterial insufficiency? - CORRECT
ANSWERS pulses of peripheral arteries
,bruits
BP
ABI
doppler
angiography
treadmill test
how long should it normally take for color to come back after a nail blanch? -
CORRECT ANSWERS 2-3 sec
what is the equation for ABI? - CORRECT ANSWERS systolic BP of
ankle (dorsal pedis or posterior tib) divided by highest systolic BP of both arms
(brachial artery)
what ABI is considered normal? - CORRECT ANSWERS 0.9 - 1.4
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement >= 1.3? - CORRECT ANSWERS abnormal calcification
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement >= 1.0? - CORRECT ANSWERS normal
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement 0.9 - 0.99? - CORRECT ANSWERS borderline PAD
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement 0.7 - 0.89? - CORRECT ANSWERS mild PAD
,ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement 0.5 - 0.69? - CORRECT ANSWERS moderate PAD
ABI and associated PAD severity, what is the interpretation for this
measurement < 0.5? - CORRECT ANSWERS severe PAD with
impending gangrene
what is IC? - CORRECT ANSWERS angina of the LEs from ischemia
what are s/s of neurogenic claudication (pseudoclaudication)? what makes it
better and what makes it worse? - CORRECT ANSWERS cramping,
tightness, tiredness in both legs
asymptomatic when inactive
back extension increases pain (standing)
forward flexion relieves pain (shopping cart sign)
what warrants an urgent referral for a person with neurogenic claudication? -
CORRECT ANSWERS weakness and numbness
what are s/s of vascular claudication (intermittent claudication)? - CORRECT
ANSWERS one leg cramping, tightness, peripheral pulse absent
asymptomatic when inactive
walking, stairs, hills make pain worse
resting makes pain better
what warrants an urgent referral for a person with vascular claudication? -
CORRECT ANSWERS onset of pain at rest with skin changes
, what is the claudication pain scale? - CORRECT ANSWERS 0 = no
pain
1 = initial, minimal pain
2 = moderate, bothersome pain
3 = intense pain
4 = maximum pain, can't go on
what is the gold standard diagnostic test for the severity of PAD? - CORRECT
ANSWERS ABI
what should be included in the treatment for a pt with IC? - CORRECT
ANSWERS warm up and cool down
intervals 1-5 min
progressive walking to pain level 3, rest until pain is gone, resume
strengthen major muscle groups in LE
progress to 30-60 min walking (minus rest periods) 3-5 days/week
what are the effects of exercise on PAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS
aerobic exercise increases tolerance before perceiving fatigue or IC
pt with PAD can exercise with symptoms of PAD
exercise lowers BP in hypertensive adults
long term exercise increases HDL
exercise improves response to stress
pts with angina should not exercise to the point of angina or with angina.
true or false - CORRECT ANSWERS true
