LATEST 2026 NSG 530 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
247 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Drug
Any chemical that can affect living processes
Pharmocology
The study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
Clinical pharmacology
The study of drugs in humans
Therapeutics
The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy
or, the medical use of a drug
The therapeutic objective
The objective of drug therapy is to provide maximum benefit with minimum
harm
Requires- skill, judgement, knowledge, the desire to provide greater good than
harm
True or false: nurses are responsible for the actions of drugs administered, even
if the prescription is incorrect
,TRUE
Nurses are the patient's last line of defense against med errors and are
responsible for ALL drugs administered
Nurses follow status of the patient most closely; should check for errors
Properties of an Ideal Drug (the big 3)
-Effectiveness (a drug's most important property)
-Safety (h/e, there is no such thing as a "safe drug")
-Selectivity (action should be localized at the site where it is desired to act. In
actual practice, there is no drug like this--all drugs have side effects)
Other properties of an ideal drug
-reversible action
-predictability
-ease of administration
-freedom from drug interactions
-low cost
-chemical stability
-simple, generic names
Therapeutic effect of a drug
What the drug is supposed to do/why we take it
Side effect
Secondary or unintended effect
Adverse effect
A reaction so severe that the drug should be discontinued
Drug toxicity
Harmful effect caused by:
-overdose
-impaired excretion (ex. Kidney failure)
-improper administration (wrong site, wrong dose)
Drug allergy
,Immunologic response to a drug
Mild: rash, itching, diarrhea
Severe: anaphylaxis--> death!
Drug tolerance
-Observed in someone with low response to a drug
-Increased dosage is required to achieve therapeutic effect
Cumulative effect
Increasing response to repeated doses of a drug when rate of administration
exceeds excretion of the drug
Idiosyncratic Effect
unexpected effect that is unique to the patient (i.e. Rxn is not usually seen in
other patients)
Potentiation
Drugs of similar action- effects are additive
1+1=2
Ex. Diuretic+ß-blocker
Inhibition
The use of one drug antagonizes the effect of another drug
1+1<2
Ex. Morphine + naloxone
, Synergism
Different drugs enhance the action of another drug
1+1>2
Ex. Bactrim is two abxs combined
Iatrogenic effects
Disease or conditions resulting because of a drug
Ex. Liver damage, kidney disease, fetal malformation (teratogenic)
QUESTION 1: A patient is given a medication and has an effect that is
considered highly unusual for the particular drug given. Which of the following
is an example of this phenomenon?
-Additive reaction
-Anaphylactic reaction
-Idiopathic reaction
-Synergistic reaction
idiopathic reaction
Factors that determine the intensity of drug responses
Safe administration involves...
1) continuous thorough assessment
2) knowing the drug name, classification, category
3) pharmacokinetics of the drug
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
247 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Drug
Any chemical that can affect living processes
Pharmocology
The study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
Clinical pharmacology
The study of drugs in humans
Therapeutics
The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy
or, the medical use of a drug
The therapeutic objective
The objective of drug therapy is to provide maximum benefit with minimum
harm
Requires- skill, judgement, knowledge, the desire to provide greater good than
harm
True or false: nurses are responsible for the actions of drugs administered, even
if the prescription is incorrect
,TRUE
Nurses are the patient's last line of defense against med errors and are
responsible for ALL drugs administered
Nurses follow status of the patient most closely; should check for errors
Properties of an Ideal Drug (the big 3)
-Effectiveness (a drug's most important property)
-Safety (h/e, there is no such thing as a "safe drug")
-Selectivity (action should be localized at the site where it is desired to act. In
actual practice, there is no drug like this--all drugs have side effects)
Other properties of an ideal drug
-reversible action
-predictability
-ease of administration
-freedom from drug interactions
-low cost
-chemical stability
-simple, generic names
Therapeutic effect of a drug
What the drug is supposed to do/why we take it
Side effect
Secondary or unintended effect
Adverse effect
A reaction so severe that the drug should be discontinued
Drug toxicity
Harmful effect caused by:
-overdose
-impaired excretion (ex. Kidney failure)
-improper administration (wrong site, wrong dose)
Drug allergy
,Immunologic response to a drug
Mild: rash, itching, diarrhea
Severe: anaphylaxis--> death!
Drug tolerance
-Observed in someone with low response to a drug
-Increased dosage is required to achieve therapeutic effect
Cumulative effect
Increasing response to repeated doses of a drug when rate of administration
exceeds excretion of the drug
Idiosyncratic Effect
unexpected effect that is unique to the patient (i.e. Rxn is not usually seen in
other patients)
Potentiation
Drugs of similar action- effects are additive
1+1=2
Ex. Diuretic+ß-blocker
Inhibition
The use of one drug antagonizes the effect of another drug
1+1<2
Ex. Morphine + naloxone
, Synergism
Different drugs enhance the action of another drug
1+1>2
Ex. Bactrim is two abxs combined
Iatrogenic effects
Disease or conditions resulting because of a drug
Ex. Liver damage, kidney disease, fetal malformation (teratogenic)
QUESTION 1: A patient is given a medication and has an effect that is
considered highly unusual for the particular drug given. Which of the following
is an example of this phenomenon?
-Additive reaction
-Anaphylactic reaction
-Idiopathic reaction
-Synergistic reaction
idiopathic reaction
Factors that determine the intensity of drug responses
Safe administration involves...
1) continuous thorough assessment
2) knowing the drug name, classification, category
3) pharmacokinetics of the drug
