NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 2 Exam Review
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Hematology: Anemia Types, Classifi... Phlebotomy - NPS Exam ATI: The Hematologic System Test SCI 225
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assessment of bone marrow function
Choose an answer
1 hemoglobin level 2 total lymphocyte count
3 reticulocyte count 4 absolute neutrophil count
Don't know?
arteries transport blood away from heart
veins transport blood to the heart
capillaries microcirculation within tissue
systemic circulation exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes in tissues
pulmonary circulation gas exchange in the lungs
function of plasma proteins osmotic pressure, antibody, and blood clots
erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, life span of about 20 days
, erythropoietin produced in the kidney, stimulates erythrocyte production
1. vasoconstriction of vascular spasm after injury 2. platelet clot 3. coagulation
3 steps of blood clotting (hemostasis)
mechanism
Rh+ antigen D in plasma membrane
Rh- absence of antigen D
anemia causes a reduction in oxygen transport, basic problem is hemoglobin deficit
less energy production in all cells, tachycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction-
oxygen deficit leads to
compensation mechanisms
fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, tachycardia, decreased regeneration of epithelial cells,
general signs of anemia
severe anemia may lead to angina of CHF
iron deficiency anemia insufficient iron impairs hemoglobin synthesis
dietary intake of iron below minimum, chronic blood loss, impaired duodenal
etiology of iron deficiency anemia
absorption of iron, severe liver disease
signs and symptoms of iron deficiency general signs of anemia + spoon shaped and ridged nails, brittle hair, stomatitis,
anemia glossitis, menstrual irregularities, delayed healing
lack of intrinsic factor, intrinsic factor secreted by gastric mucosa, required for
pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency)
intestinal absorption of vitamin B12, B12 needed for function of neurons
etiology of pernicious anemia dietary insufficiency, malabsorption, surgery, such as gastrectomy
general signs, tongue enlarged, red, sore, and shiny, digestive discomfort, feeling of
signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia
pins and needles, tingling of limbs
aplastic anemia impairment or failure of bone marrow leading to loss of stem cells and pancytopenia
pancytopenia decreased numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets in the blood
etiology of aplastic anemia myelotoxins: radiation, industrial chemicals, drugs, genetic abnormalities, hep C, SLE
signs and symptoms of aplastic anemia general signs, leukopenia (recurrent infection), thrombocytopenia (petechiae)
caused by genetic condition, autosomal recessive disorder, more common in
sickle cell anemia
Africans
abnormal hemoglobin, sickle cell crisis occurs whenever oxygen levels are lowered,
etiology of sickle cell anemia sickle shaped cells have shorter lifespan, sickle cell hemoglobin leads to multiple
infarctions
general signs, severe pain because of ischemia of tissues and infarction, jaundice,
signs and symptoms of sickle cell anemia
hyperbillirubinemia, acute symptom of vaso-occlusive/painful crisis
increased production of erythrocytes and other cells in the bone marrow, neoplastic
primary polycythemia (polycythemia vera)
disorder, serum erythropoietin levels are low
increase in RBCs in response to prolonged hypoxia, increased erythropoietin
secondary polycythemia (erythrocytosis)
secretion, compensation mechanism to provide increased oxygen transport
plethoric and cyanotic, hepatomegaly, increased BP, thromboses and infarctions,
signs and symptoms of polycythemia
CHF can develop
blood clotting disorder spontaneous bleeding or excessive bleeding following minor tissue trauma
deficit or abnormality of factor VIII, x-linked recessive trait, manifested in men,
hemophilia A
carried by women
prolonged bleeding after minor tissue trauma, spontaneous bleeding into joints,
signs and symptoms of hemophilia A
possible hematuria or blood in feces
group of neoplastic disorders involving white blood cells, undifferentiated,
leukemias
immature, nonfunctional cells that multiply uncontrollably
Questions and Correct Answers/ Latest
Update / Already Graded
Save
Students also studied
Hematology: Anemia Types, Classifi... Phlebotomy - NPS Exam ATI: The Hematologic System Test SCI 225
Teacher 14 terms Teacher 159 terms Teacher 25 terms Teacher
sinwar6 Preview thuoerastus94 Preview wanjarii777 Preview quiz
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study with Learn
assessment of bone marrow function
Choose an answer
1 hemoglobin level 2 total lymphocyte count
3 reticulocyte count 4 absolute neutrophil count
Don't know?
arteries transport blood away from heart
veins transport blood to the heart
capillaries microcirculation within tissue
systemic circulation exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes in tissues
pulmonary circulation gas exchange in the lungs
function of plasma proteins osmotic pressure, antibody, and blood clots
erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, life span of about 20 days
, erythropoietin produced in the kidney, stimulates erythrocyte production
1. vasoconstriction of vascular spasm after injury 2. platelet clot 3. coagulation
3 steps of blood clotting (hemostasis)
mechanism
Rh+ antigen D in plasma membrane
Rh- absence of antigen D
anemia causes a reduction in oxygen transport, basic problem is hemoglobin deficit
less energy production in all cells, tachycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction-
oxygen deficit leads to
compensation mechanisms
fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, tachycardia, decreased regeneration of epithelial cells,
general signs of anemia
severe anemia may lead to angina of CHF
iron deficiency anemia insufficient iron impairs hemoglobin synthesis
dietary intake of iron below minimum, chronic blood loss, impaired duodenal
etiology of iron deficiency anemia
absorption of iron, severe liver disease
signs and symptoms of iron deficiency general signs of anemia + spoon shaped and ridged nails, brittle hair, stomatitis,
anemia glossitis, menstrual irregularities, delayed healing
lack of intrinsic factor, intrinsic factor secreted by gastric mucosa, required for
pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency)
intestinal absorption of vitamin B12, B12 needed for function of neurons
etiology of pernicious anemia dietary insufficiency, malabsorption, surgery, such as gastrectomy
general signs, tongue enlarged, red, sore, and shiny, digestive discomfort, feeling of
signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia
pins and needles, tingling of limbs
aplastic anemia impairment or failure of bone marrow leading to loss of stem cells and pancytopenia
pancytopenia decreased numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets in the blood
etiology of aplastic anemia myelotoxins: radiation, industrial chemicals, drugs, genetic abnormalities, hep C, SLE
signs and symptoms of aplastic anemia general signs, leukopenia (recurrent infection), thrombocytopenia (petechiae)
caused by genetic condition, autosomal recessive disorder, more common in
sickle cell anemia
Africans
abnormal hemoglobin, sickle cell crisis occurs whenever oxygen levels are lowered,
etiology of sickle cell anemia sickle shaped cells have shorter lifespan, sickle cell hemoglobin leads to multiple
infarctions
general signs, severe pain because of ischemia of tissues and infarction, jaundice,
signs and symptoms of sickle cell anemia
hyperbillirubinemia, acute symptom of vaso-occlusive/painful crisis
increased production of erythrocytes and other cells in the bone marrow, neoplastic
primary polycythemia (polycythemia vera)
disorder, serum erythropoietin levels are low
increase in RBCs in response to prolonged hypoxia, increased erythropoietin
secondary polycythemia (erythrocytosis)
secretion, compensation mechanism to provide increased oxygen transport
plethoric and cyanotic, hepatomegaly, increased BP, thromboses and infarctions,
signs and symptoms of polycythemia
CHF can develop
blood clotting disorder spontaneous bleeding or excessive bleeding following minor tissue trauma
deficit or abnormality of factor VIII, x-linked recessive trait, manifested in men,
hemophilia A
carried by women
prolonged bleeding after minor tissue trauma, spontaneous bleeding into joints,
signs and symptoms of hemophilia A
possible hematuria or blood in feces
group of neoplastic disorders involving white blood cells, undifferentiated,
leukemias
immature, nonfunctional cells that multiply uncontrollably
