BIOD 121||BIOD 121 MODULE 3 EXAM
WITH ANSWERED QUASTIONS
WELL EXPLAINED (latest reviewed
questions and answers)2024/2025!!
GRADED A+
Energy balance (CORRECT ANSWERS) is defined as a state when
one's energy intake is equivalent to the amount of energy expended. In
other words, the number of calories ingested from food and beverages
must be equal to the number of calories burned through basic body
functions plus exercise. Thus, in order to prevent weight gain and
maintain an appropriate weight, we must understand the concept of
energy balance.
Positive energy balance (CORRECT ANSWERS) occurs if more
calories (energy) are consumed than expended. There are certain periods
when we need to consume more calories than we expend. Examples
would include periods of growth, such as pregnancy or periods of
childhood and adolescence when growth spurts occur. Over time,
however, the excess consumption will lead to weight gain. In fact, by
consuming an extra 500 calories a day over what is expended, you could
gain one pound in a week. Generally speaking, one pound of fat is equal
to 3500 kcal.
Hyperplasia (CORRECT ANSWERS) is an increase in the number of fat
cells often occurring during periods of growth, such as adolescence or
pregnancy
,Hypertrophy (CORRECT ANSWERS) is an increase in the size of fat
cells, most often seen in periods of low growth and maintenance, such as
throughout adulthood.
Occur naturally throughout growth period, but when adults we don't
want to increase the # of fat cells in body
Negative energy balance (CORRECT ANSWERS) occurs if fewer
calories are consumed than calories expended. At times, an individual
may be unintentionally in negative energy balance, such as during an
illness or trauma as they would negatively affect appetite and intake. In
other cases, an extremely high amount of energy is required for healing,
such as someone who has suffered a major burn injury. However, for
most of the population, being in negative energy balance is an
intentional act. Calories are limited and/or exercise is increased with the
goal of weight loss.
Good for losing weight
Not good for someone with a chronic disease, trauma, or eating disorder
the two major components of energy expenditure are the basal metabolic
rate and physical activity. (CORRECT ANSWERS) BMR x PA
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) (CORRECT ANSWERS) is defined as the
number of calories used by the body while in a fasting state and accounts
for approximately 60-70% of energy expenditure. In general, males
require 1 kcal/kg/hour and females require 0.9 kcal/kg/hour to support
the functions of various organs and to stay alive. The BMR varies per
person based on a number of factors such as: gender, lean body mass,
, body size, temperature, age, nervous system activity, levels of caffeine
intake, and tobacco use (smoking). If someone is trying to lose weight
and restricts their calorie intake too much, their BMR will decline. This
is the body's safety mechanism to prevent starvation. As we age our
BMR declines by 1-2% per decade. Thus, if one fails to make changes in
diet or activity levels from one decade to the next, a slow weight gain
will be the result—this is why people in their 40s and 50s will often
complain about gaining weight and how it has become difficult to lose.
Calories that we burn to sustain life
60-70% of total energy expenditure for the day
Males have higher BMR than females
Muscular (higher BMR)
Thermic effect of food (TEF) (CORRECT ANSWERS) is the energy
used for digestion and absorption of food and accounts for
approximately 10% of the calories expended. Larger meals and meals
higher in protein result in a higher TEF.
Small amount
Thermogenesis (CORRECT ANSWERS) is the ability to regulate body
temperature and activities such as fidgeting, maintaining body posture,
and shivering. The amount of energy burned through thermogenesis is
very small. Recently scientists have begun to study the link between
brown adipose (fat) tissue and weight maintenance. Brown adipose
tissue is found in infants below the collar bone. The brown fat
metabolizes the energy yielding nutrients, which results in heat
production to be used by the body. Most adults have little brown fat, but
lean adults have been found to have higher levels than their heavier
WITH ANSWERED QUASTIONS
WELL EXPLAINED (latest reviewed
questions and answers)2024/2025!!
GRADED A+
Energy balance (CORRECT ANSWERS) is defined as a state when
one's energy intake is equivalent to the amount of energy expended. In
other words, the number of calories ingested from food and beverages
must be equal to the number of calories burned through basic body
functions plus exercise. Thus, in order to prevent weight gain and
maintain an appropriate weight, we must understand the concept of
energy balance.
Positive energy balance (CORRECT ANSWERS) occurs if more
calories (energy) are consumed than expended. There are certain periods
when we need to consume more calories than we expend. Examples
would include periods of growth, such as pregnancy or periods of
childhood and adolescence when growth spurts occur. Over time,
however, the excess consumption will lead to weight gain. In fact, by
consuming an extra 500 calories a day over what is expended, you could
gain one pound in a week. Generally speaking, one pound of fat is equal
to 3500 kcal.
Hyperplasia (CORRECT ANSWERS) is an increase in the number of fat
cells often occurring during periods of growth, such as adolescence or
pregnancy
,Hypertrophy (CORRECT ANSWERS) is an increase in the size of fat
cells, most often seen in periods of low growth and maintenance, such as
throughout adulthood.
Occur naturally throughout growth period, but when adults we don't
want to increase the # of fat cells in body
Negative energy balance (CORRECT ANSWERS) occurs if fewer
calories are consumed than calories expended. At times, an individual
may be unintentionally in negative energy balance, such as during an
illness or trauma as they would negatively affect appetite and intake. In
other cases, an extremely high amount of energy is required for healing,
such as someone who has suffered a major burn injury. However, for
most of the population, being in negative energy balance is an
intentional act. Calories are limited and/or exercise is increased with the
goal of weight loss.
Good for losing weight
Not good for someone with a chronic disease, trauma, or eating disorder
the two major components of energy expenditure are the basal metabolic
rate and physical activity. (CORRECT ANSWERS) BMR x PA
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) (CORRECT ANSWERS) is defined as the
number of calories used by the body while in a fasting state and accounts
for approximately 60-70% of energy expenditure. In general, males
require 1 kcal/kg/hour and females require 0.9 kcal/kg/hour to support
the functions of various organs and to stay alive. The BMR varies per
person based on a number of factors such as: gender, lean body mass,
, body size, temperature, age, nervous system activity, levels of caffeine
intake, and tobacco use (smoking). If someone is trying to lose weight
and restricts their calorie intake too much, their BMR will decline. This
is the body's safety mechanism to prevent starvation. As we age our
BMR declines by 1-2% per decade. Thus, if one fails to make changes in
diet or activity levels from one decade to the next, a slow weight gain
will be the result—this is why people in their 40s and 50s will often
complain about gaining weight and how it has become difficult to lose.
Calories that we burn to sustain life
60-70% of total energy expenditure for the day
Males have higher BMR than females
Muscular (higher BMR)
Thermic effect of food (TEF) (CORRECT ANSWERS) is the energy
used for digestion and absorption of food and accounts for
approximately 10% of the calories expended. Larger meals and meals
higher in protein result in a higher TEF.
Small amount
Thermogenesis (CORRECT ANSWERS) is the ability to regulate body
temperature and activities such as fidgeting, maintaining body posture,
and shivering. The amount of energy burned through thermogenesis is
very small. Recently scientists have begun to study the link between
brown adipose (fat) tissue and weight maintenance. Brown adipose
tissue is found in infants below the collar bone. The brown fat
metabolizes the energy yielding nutrients, which results in heat
production to be used by the body. Most adults have little brown fat, but
lean adults have been found to have higher levels than their heavier
