ATI NUTRITION RETAKE EXAM 2026/ 2027 / TESTED 70 QUESTIONS ,
ANSWERS AND RATIONALES/ GRADE A+ Latest Version
Which nutrient provides the body with the most concentrated source of
energy?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Vitamins
Rationale:
Fats yield 9 kcal per gram, more than twice the energy of carbohydrates or proteins (which both
provide 4 kcal/g). Fat serves as a backup energy source and aids in absorption of fat-soluble
vitamins.
How many kilocalories are provided by 1 gram of protein?
A. 9 kcal
B. 4 kcal
C. 7 kcal
D. 2 kcal
Rationale:
Proteins and carbohydrates both provide 4 kilocalories per gram. This is essential to remember
for nutrition calculations and energy assessments.
Which of the following foods is a complex carbohydrate?
A. Honey
B. Candy
C. Brown rice
D. Soda
Rationale:
Complex carbohydrates (whole grains, legumes) digest slowly, provide sustained energy, and
contain fiber, vitamins, and minerals — unlike simple sugars that cause glucose spikes.
, Protein deficiency can lead to which of the following?
A. Muscle wasting
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Kidney stones
D. Weight gain
Rationale:
Without sufficient protein, the body breaks down lean muscle tissue to meet energy demands,
leading to muscle atrophy and poor wound healing.
Which of the following foods is a complete protein?
A. Lentils
B. Almonds
C. Eggs
D. Oats
Rationale:
A complete protein contains all nine essential amino acids. Animal sources like eggs, milk,
fish, and meat are complete proteins; most plant sources are incomplete unless combined.
Which nutrient helps with hormone production and vitamin absorption?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Water
Rationale:
Fats aid in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and play a role in hormone
synthesis, insulation, and organ protection.
A client following a low-fat diet should avoid which food?
A. Skinless chicken
B. Baked fish
, C. Fried chicken
D. Steamed broccoli
Rationale:
Frying increases the fat content dramatically. On a low-fat diet, baking, steaming, or grilling is
preferred.
Excess carbohydrate intake is converted into:
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Glycogen only
D. Muscle
Rationale:
After glycogen stores in the liver and muscles are full, excess carbohydrates are converted into
triglycerides and stored as body fat.
The main function of carbohydrates is:
A. Repair tissue
B. Provide energy
C. Regulate body fluids
D. Aid in metabolism
Rationale:
Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy, particularly for brain and nervous tissue,
which depend almost entirely on glucose.
Which of the following is an example of a simple carbohydrate?
A. Fruit juice
B. Whole wheat bread
C. Lentils
D. Oats
Rationale:
Simple carbs (sugars) digest quickly, causing rapid blood sugar spikes. Examples: fruit juice,
candy, honey. Complex carbs digest slowly and sustain energy.
ANSWERS AND RATIONALES/ GRADE A+ Latest Version
Which nutrient provides the body with the most concentrated source of
energy?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Vitamins
Rationale:
Fats yield 9 kcal per gram, more than twice the energy of carbohydrates or proteins (which both
provide 4 kcal/g). Fat serves as a backup energy source and aids in absorption of fat-soluble
vitamins.
How many kilocalories are provided by 1 gram of protein?
A. 9 kcal
B. 4 kcal
C. 7 kcal
D. 2 kcal
Rationale:
Proteins and carbohydrates both provide 4 kilocalories per gram. This is essential to remember
for nutrition calculations and energy assessments.
Which of the following foods is a complex carbohydrate?
A. Honey
B. Candy
C. Brown rice
D. Soda
Rationale:
Complex carbohydrates (whole grains, legumes) digest slowly, provide sustained energy, and
contain fiber, vitamins, and minerals — unlike simple sugars that cause glucose spikes.
, Protein deficiency can lead to which of the following?
A. Muscle wasting
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Kidney stones
D. Weight gain
Rationale:
Without sufficient protein, the body breaks down lean muscle tissue to meet energy demands,
leading to muscle atrophy and poor wound healing.
Which of the following foods is a complete protein?
A. Lentils
B. Almonds
C. Eggs
D. Oats
Rationale:
A complete protein contains all nine essential amino acids. Animal sources like eggs, milk,
fish, and meat are complete proteins; most plant sources are incomplete unless combined.
Which nutrient helps with hormone production and vitamin absorption?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Water
Rationale:
Fats aid in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and play a role in hormone
synthesis, insulation, and organ protection.
A client following a low-fat diet should avoid which food?
A. Skinless chicken
B. Baked fish
, C. Fried chicken
D. Steamed broccoli
Rationale:
Frying increases the fat content dramatically. On a low-fat diet, baking, steaming, or grilling is
preferred.
Excess carbohydrate intake is converted into:
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Glycogen only
D. Muscle
Rationale:
After glycogen stores in the liver and muscles are full, excess carbohydrates are converted into
triglycerides and stored as body fat.
The main function of carbohydrates is:
A. Repair tissue
B. Provide energy
C. Regulate body fluids
D. Aid in metabolism
Rationale:
Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy, particularly for brain and nervous tissue,
which depend almost entirely on glucose.
Which of the following is an example of a simple carbohydrate?
A. Fruit juice
B. Whole wheat bread
C. Lentils
D. Oats
Rationale:
Simple carbs (sugars) digest quickly, causing rapid blood sugar spikes. Examples: fruit juice,
candy, honey. Complex carbs digest slowly and sustain energy.
