Nurs 5434
Nurs 5434 Final Exam Questions and
Answers 2026
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening:
Recommendation: Begin screening at age 45.
Methods: Colonoscopy every 10 years, flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years,
or annual FIT (Fecal Immunochemical Test).
Cervical Cancer Screening:
Recommendation: Ages 21-29: Pap smear every 3 years.Ages 30-65: Pap
plus HPV co-testing every 5 years or Pap alone every 3 years.
Breast Cancer Screening
Recommendation: Begin annual mammograms at age 40 (or 50, depending
on guidelines) for women, continuing as long as the woman is in good health.
Prostate Cancer Screening (PSA):
Recommendation: Discuss potential benefits and harms of screening with
men starting at age 50, or at 45 for those at higher risk (e.g., family history).
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Screening:
Recommendation: Regular blood pressure checks starting at age 20, lipid
profile screening every 4-6 years starting at age 20, and diabetes screening as
needed.
D Recommendations:
D Recommendations: Typically include recommendations against certain
screenings or treatments where the harms outweigh the benefits. For
example:Do not screen for cervical cancer in women under 21, regardless of
sexual history.Do not screen for prostate cancer with PSA in men under 55 or
over 69 unless there are specific risk factors.
1|Page
, Nurs 5434
2017 ACC/AHA HTN Guidelines
Normal BP: <120/80 mmHg; Elevated: 120-129/<80; Stage 1: 130-139/80-
89; Stage 2: ≥140/90.
Lifestyle recommendations for HTN
o Exercise: At least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week.
o Sodium Intake: Limit to <2,300 mg/day; ideally <1,500 mg/day for those
with HTN.
o Alcohol Intake: Limit to ≤1 drink/day for women and ≤2 drinks/day for
men.
Drug Categories for HTN
Thiazide Diuretics: Side effects include electrolyte imbalances.
ACE Inhibitors: May cause cough and angioedema.
ARBs: Generally well-tolerated but may lead to hyperkalemia.
Calcium Channel Blockers: Possible peripheral edema.
Target BP Goals
Start meds if BP ≥130/80; aim for <130/80.
Target Organ Damage (TOD):
Assess through history and physical exam, looking for signs of heart, kidney,
and eye damage.
step up drug therapy
If BP remains high, consider adding a second agent, such as a thiazide or
CCB, or increasing the dose.
Resistant HTN definition
Defined as BP ≥130/80 despite three or more medications. Evaluate for
secondary causes and consider referral.
2|Page
Nurs 5434 Final Exam Questions and
Answers 2026
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening:
Recommendation: Begin screening at age 45.
Methods: Colonoscopy every 10 years, flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years,
or annual FIT (Fecal Immunochemical Test).
Cervical Cancer Screening:
Recommendation: Ages 21-29: Pap smear every 3 years.Ages 30-65: Pap
plus HPV co-testing every 5 years or Pap alone every 3 years.
Breast Cancer Screening
Recommendation: Begin annual mammograms at age 40 (or 50, depending
on guidelines) for women, continuing as long as the woman is in good health.
Prostate Cancer Screening (PSA):
Recommendation: Discuss potential benefits and harms of screening with
men starting at age 50, or at 45 for those at higher risk (e.g., family history).
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Screening:
Recommendation: Regular blood pressure checks starting at age 20, lipid
profile screening every 4-6 years starting at age 20, and diabetes screening as
needed.
D Recommendations:
D Recommendations: Typically include recommendations against certain
screenings or treatments where the harms outweigh the benefits. For
example:Do not screen for cervical cancer in women under 21, regardless of
sexual history.Do not screen for prostate cancer with PSA in men under 55 or
over 69 unless there are specific risk factors.
1|Page
, Nurs 5434
2017 ACC/AHA HTN Guidelines
Normal BP: <120/80 mmHg; Elevated: 120-129/<80; Stage 1: 130-139/80-
89; Stage 2: ≥140/90.
Lifestyle recommendations for HTN
o Exercise: At least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week.
o Sodium Intake: Limit to <2,300 mg/day; ideally <1,500 mg/day for those
with HTN.
o Alcohol Intake: Limit to ≤1 drink/day for women and ≤2 drinks/day for
men.
Drug Categories for HTN
Thiazide Diuretics: Side effects include electrolyte imbalances.
ACE Inhibitors: May cause cough and angioedema.
ARBs: Generally well-tolerated but may lead to hyperkalemia.
Calcium Channel Blockers: Possible peripheral edema.
Target BP Goals
Start meds if BP ≥130/80; aim for <130/80.
Target Organ Damage (TOD):
Assess through history and physical exam, looking for signs of heart, kidney,
and eye damage.
step up drug therapy
If BP remains high, consider adding a second agent, such as a thiazide or
CCB, or increasing the dose.
Resistant HTN definition
Defined as BP ≥130/80 despite three or more medications. Evaluate for
secondary causes and consider referral.
2|Page
