323 Pages Chamberlain NR 340 FULLY
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
BANK 2025=2026 LATEST UPDATE WITH
COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+| PROFESSOR
VERIFIED | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Pacemaker cells
★ Atrial Kick
○ Atria contracts and force the remaining atrial blood into
the ventricles.)30% of
CO)
★ SA node rate: 60-100; AV node rate: 40-60; Bundle of His:
Rate 20-40
,★ Three-Lead monitoring system (Limb Lead) ○ Best for
monitoring atrial rhythms.
○ RA, LA, LL (left abdominal area)
★ Five lead monitoring system
○ Placed below the clavicles, the right and left ABD below
the umbilicus. Chest lead is placed “selected lead V
position best for dysrhythmia monitoring.
■ Right Side: White, Brown (5th intercostal space
right side) , Green ■ Left Side: Black, Red
★ 6 Second Strip
○ Interpret q 4-8 hrs and document
○Monitor ST segments and dysrhythmias
★ Table 13-3
★ Waveforms and intervals
○ P wave: Atrial depolarization
○ PR Interval: measures time for impulse to depolarize in
the atria. Normal interval is 0.12-0.20 seconds.
, ■ Short PR interval = abnormally
fast conduction
■ Long PR Interval= Prolonged
conduction ○ QRS Complex:
■Ventricular Depolarization
○ST Elevation= myocardial injury
○ST Depression= reciprocal changes such as digoxin or
ischemia
○ T Wave: represents ventricular repolarization. Electrolyte
imbalances/ myocardial ischemia/ injury.
■Hyperkalemia causes tall/peaked T waves.
■ Ischemia causes an inverted or upside-
down T wave. ○ QT Interval
■Time taken for ventricular depolarization and
repolarization.
■ Prolonged Interval: increases vulnerability to
dysrhythmias such as V Tach/ V Fib
★ Normal ECG Tracing
■
★ Sinus Tachycardia
○ HR 100-150 beats/min
○ Causes: Hyperthyroidism, hypovolemia, heart failure,
anemia, exercise, use of stimulants, fever, and
sympathetic responses such as anxiety.
, ■ Asses symptoms for low CO
●↓ CO d/t shorter filling time for ventricles.
■Population at risk is those with ischemic heart
disease.
○ Treatment: Treat the symptoms that cause the
tachycardia such as fever or pain.
★ Sinus Bradycardia
○ HR < 60 bpm
○ Common in athletes, asymptomatic, can result in a
decrease of cardiac output = hypotension = decreased
organ perfusion.
○Treatment:
■Assess hemodynamic instability
■If patient is symptomatic administer Atropine
■ If atropine is not effective in increasing HR then
transcutaneous pacing or dopamine infusion, or
epinephrine is administered.
■ Atropine is avoided in tx of bradycardia
associated with hypothermia.
★ Sinus Arrhythmia
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
BANK 2025=2026 LATEST UPDATE WITH
COMPETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+| PROFESSOR
VERIFIED | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Pacemaker cells
★ Atrial Kick
○ Atria contracts and force the remaining atrial blood into
the ventricles.)30% of
CO)
★ SA node rate: 60-100; AV node rate: 40-60; Bundle of His:
Rate 20-40
,★ Three-Lead monitoring system (Limb Lead) ○ Best for
monitoring atrial rhythms.
○ RA, LA, LL (left abdominal area)
★ Five lead monitoring system
○ Placed below the clavicles, the right and left ABD below
the umbilicus. Chest lead is placed “selected lead V
position best for dysrhythmia monitoring.
■ Right Side: White, Brown (5th intercostal space
right side) , Green ■ Left Side: Black, Red
★ 6 Second Strip
○ Interpret q 4-8 hrs and document
○Monitor ST segments and dysrhythmias
★ Table 13-3
★ Waveforms and intervals
○ P wave: Atrial depolarization
○ PR Interval: measures time for impulse to depolarize in
the atria. Normal interval is 0.12-0.20 seconds.
, ■ Short PR interval = abnormally
fast conduction
■ Long PR Interval= Prolonged
conduction ○ QRS Complex:
■Ventricular Depolarization
○ST Elevation= myocardial injury
○ST Depression= reciprocal changes such as digoxin or
ischemia
○ T Wave: represents ventricular repolarization. Electrolyte
imbalances/ myocardial ischemia/ injury.
■Hyperkalemia causes tall/peaked T waves.
■ Ischemia causes an inverted or upside-
down T wave. ○ QT Interval
■Time taken for ventricular depolarization and
repolarization.
■ Prolonged Interval: increases vulnerability to
dysrhythmias such as V Tach/ V Fib
★ Normal ECG Tracing
■
★ Sinus Tachycardia
○ HR 100-150 beats/min
○ Causes: Hyperthyroidism, hypovolemia, heart failure,
anemia, exercise, use of stimulants, fever, and
sympathetic responses such as anxiety.
, ■ Asses symptoms for low CO
●↓ CO d/t shorter filling time for ventricles.
■Population at risk is those with ischemic heart
disease.
○ Treatment: Treat the symptoms that cause the
tachycardia such as fever or pain.
★ Sinus Bradycardia
○ HR < 60 bpm
○ Common in athletes, asymptomatic, can result in a
decrease of cardiac output = hypotension = decreased
organ perfusion.
○Treatment:
■Assess hemodynamic instability
■If patient is symptomatic administer Atropine
■ If atropine is not effective in increasing HR then
transcutaneous pacing or dopamine infusion, or
epinephrine is administered.
■ Atropine is avoided in tx of bradycardia
associated with hypothermia.
★ Sinus Arrhythmia
