NBEO Part 2 Exam Newest 2026-2027 Actual Exam
With Complete Questions And Correct Detailed
Answers (Verified Answers) |Already Graded A+
Patients who have had Type 1 Diabetes for 25 years have a ______%
chance of diabetic retinopathy. - ANSWER-90%
______% of NIDDM patients have NPDR at the time of diagnosis. -
ANSWER-20%
______% of IDDM patients have NPDR at the time of diagnosis. -
ANSWER-30%
Treatment options for Ocular Ischemic Syndrome: - ANSWER-PRP if
any anterior or posterior neo is present
Carotid doppler & endarterectomy if needed
Glaucoma surgery often needed
Visual prognosis for Ocular Ischemic Syndrome: - ANSWER-Prognosis
is poor- 40% 5-year mortality rate!
25% of pts will have BCVA better than 20/50 at 1 year
If rubeosis, 90% will have CF or worse at 1 year
pg. 1
,An Argyll-Robertson pupil is characterized by a miotic pupil due to a
lesion of the _________________________ tract. - ANSWER-
Tectotegmental
Besides neurosyphilis, what other 2 things can cause an Argyll-
Robertson pupil? - ANSWER-Diabetes mellitus
Alcoholism
A pupil-involving CN 3 palsy is most likely caused by: - ANSWER-
Compressive lesion (tumor or aneurysm)
A pupil-sparing CN 3 palsy is most likely caused by: - ANSWER-
Microvascular infarct
What test confirms a diagnosis of Adie's tonic pupil (vs.
pharmacological dilation or benign anisocoria)? - ANSWER-Instill
0.125% pilocarpine in dilated eye- pupil is hypersensitive and will
constrict rapidly if Adie's.
Adie's tonic pupil is associated with which other systemic sign? -
ANSWER-Diminished deep tendon reflexes in knees and ankles
pg. 2
,What is an alternative to Cocaine as a pharmacological test for Horner's
syndrome? - ANSWER-1% Apraclonidine- will dilate a Horner's pupil
but NOT a normal pupil (basically the opposite of Cocaine)
How is pharmacologic testing for Horner's syndrome traditionally
performed? - ANSWER-Cocaine- will NOT dilate a Horner's pupil
(confirms +/- Horner's)
Hydroxyamphetamine- dilates a pre-ganglionic lesion, does not dilate a
post-ganglionic lesion
Clinical signs/sx of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH/PTC): -
ANSWER-Headaches, nausea
Tinnitus
Transient visual obscurations
Enlarged blind spot
Papilledema
CN 6 palsy
Elevated pressure on LP is defined as >________ mm water, or
>__________mm water in an obese patient. - ANSWER->200 mm
>250 mm
pg. 3
, If a patient's SVP is absent, does it mean they have papilledema? -
ANSWER-Not necessarily- 10-20% of healthy people do not have an
SVP.
Systemic side effects of Acetazolamide (Diamox): - ANSWER-
*Aplastic anemia*
Metabolic acidosis
Metallic taste
Depression
Gastric upset
Paresthesia
Transient myopia
Abnormal kidney/liver function
Skin rash
Thromblcytopenia
*Contraindicated in sulfa allergies*
How can a CN 6 palsy occur in patients with elevated intracranial
pressure? - ANSWER-Elevated intracranial pressure compresses CN 6
against petrous ridge
What is Uhthoff's Phenomenon? - ANSWER-Transient vision loss
occurring in response to increased body temperature- characteristic of
MS
pg. 4
With Complete Questions And Correct Detailed
Answers (Verified Answers) |Already Graded A+
Patients who have had Type 1 Diabetes for 25 years have a ______%
chance of diabetic retinopathy. - ANSWER-90%
______% of NIDDM patients have NPDR at the time of diagnosis. -
ANSWER-20%
______% of IDDM patients have NPDR at the time of diagnosis. -
ANSWER-30%
Treatment options for Ocular Ischemic Syndrome: - ANSWER-PRP if
any anterior or posterior neo is present
Carotid doppler & endarterectomy if needed
Glaucoma surgery often needed
Visual prognosis for Ocular Ischemic Syndrome: - ANSWER-Prognosis
is poor- 40% 5-year mortality rate!
25% of pts will have BCVA better than 20/50 at 1 year
If rubeosis, 90% will have CF or worse at 1 year
pg. 1
,An Argyll-Robertson pupil is characterized by a miotic pupil due to a
lesion of the _________________________ tract. - ANSWER-
Tectotegmental
Besides neurosyphilis, what other 2 things can cause an Argyll-
Robertson pupil? - ANSWER-Diabetes mellitus
Alcoholism
A pupil-involving CN 3 palsy is most likely caused by: - ANSWER-
Compressive lesion (tumor or aneurysm)
A pupil-sparing CN 3 palsy is most likely caused by: - ANSWER-
Microvascular infarct
What test confirms a diagnosis of Adie's tonic pupil (vs.
pharmacological dilation or benign anisocoria)? - ANSWER-Instill
0.125% pilocarpine in dilated eye- pupil is hypersensitive and will
constrict rapidly if Adie's.
Adie's tonic pupil is associated with which other systemic sign? -
ANSWER-Diminished deep tendon reflexes in knees and ankles
pg. 2
,What is an alternative to Cocaine as a pharmacological test for Horner's
syndrome? - ANSWER-1% Apraclonidine- will dilate a Horner's pupil
but NOT a normal pupil (basically the opposite of Cocaine)
How is pharmacologic testing for Horner's syndrome traditionally
performed? - ANSWER-Cocaine- will NOT dilate a Horner's pupil
(confirms +/- Horner's)
Hydroxyamphetamine- dilates a pre-ganglionic lesion, does not dilate a
post-ganglionic lesion
Clinical signs/sx of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH/PTC): -
ANSWER-Headaches, nausea
Tinnitus
Transient visual obscurations
Enlarged blind spot
Papilledema
CN 6 palsy
Elevated pressure on LP is defined as >________ mm water, or
>__________mm water in an obese patient. - ANSWER->200 mm
>250 mm
pg. 3
, If a patient's SVP is absent, does it mean they have papilledema? -
ANSWER-Not necessarily- 10-20% of healthy people do not have an
SVP.
Systemic side effects of Acetazolamide (Diamox): - ANSWER-
*Aplastic anemia*
Metabolic acidosis
Metallic taste
Depression
Gastric upset
Paresthesia
Transient myopia
Abnormal kidney/liver function
Skin rash
Thromblcytopenia
*Contraindicated in sulfa allergies*
How can a CN 6 palsy occur in patients with elevated intracranial
pressure? - ANSWER-Elevated intracranial pressure compresses CN 6
against petrous ridge
What is Uhthoff's Phenomenon? - ANSWER-Transient vision loss
occurring in response to increased body temperature- characteristic of
MS
pg. 4
