NR 511 Final Exam 2025/2026 Updated | Real
Questions & Correct Answers
Differentiate between lateral and medical epicondylitis
The difference between the two is location. lateral is the outside of the elbow and medial is
inside of the elbow. lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) and sharp pain on the outside of the
elbow and down the forearm. pain occurs upon extention of wrist or supination of the forearm
such as gripping or twisting. medical epicondylitis (golfers elbow) is sharp pain radiating down
the arm from the inside of the elbow. pain occurs on extention of the wrist or supination of
forearm such as gripping, twisting or flexing at the wrist
discuss at least 3 vital body functions which thyroid hormones regulate
1. breathing
2. heart rate
3. body weight
4. cholesterol levels
5. menstrual cycles
6. body temperature
describe a goiter and the type of thyroid dysfunction that can be associated with it
goiter is an enlarged thyroid commonly caused from iodine deficiency or inflammation (Graves
or Hashimotos thyroiditis)
differentiate between over hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism
,overt hypothyroidism has a TSH > 10 and low FT4. subclinical hypothyroidism is an abnormal
TSH with normal FT4 and treated only if having symptoms.
differentiate between hashimoto's thyroiditis and grave's disease
both are autoimmune and hashimotos causes hypothyroid and graves is caused by a goiter that
causes hyperthyroid
identify three risks associated with obesity
1. diabetes
2. CVD, a fib, HTN, NSTEMI, varicosities
3. cancer
4. skin infections
5. arthritis
6. gallbladder disease
7. GERD
8. acute pancreatitis
9. NAFLD
10. stress incontinence
11. infertility
12. OSA
Identify three causes of obesity
1. genetics
2. calorie excess
3. food insecurity
,4. medications
5. psychological
6. insulin resistance
7. cushings
8. PCOS
discuss one primary prevention for obesity
identify those at risk, targeted nutritional advice with a low carb diet, 60 minutes of activity,
family involvement, motivational interviewing, and sleep hygiene
identify the categories of obesity based on the bmi
underweight: <18.5
normal: 18.5-24.99
overweight: 25-29.99
obese: 30-39.99
morbid obesity: <40
discuss how acute low back pain w/o neuro dysfunction does not warrant radiological
imaging.
low back pain typically resolves with conservative treatment and is a diagnosis of exclusion
identify the roles of tsh, ft4, tt3 and tpo abs in determining thyroid function
tsh: messenger to thyroid sent by pituitary. ft4 is unbound thyroid hormone produced by thyroid
(hypothyroid). tt3 is circulating unbound thyroid hormone converted by ft4 (hyperthyroid). tpo
abs is elevated in autoimmune thyroiditis (graves or hashimotos)
, identify at least one at risk population for thyroid screening
autoimmune d/o, pernicious anemia, h/o prior thyroid surgery, abnormal thyroid exam, neck
radiation, and first degree relative with autoimmune thyroid disease
discuss one physical characteristics seen in a hyperthyroid patient
warm flushed skin, moist skin, fine, silky hair, thinning hair, increased exophthalmos, lid lag and
edema, tremors
antibiotic class for acute bacterial prostatitis
fluoroquinolones: cipro 500 mg PO BID x 14-28 days or Levaquin 500 mg PO daily x 14-28
days
identify one tx for bph
alpha beta blockers: Flomax 0.4 mg - 0.8 mg Po daily, Doxazosin 4-8 mg PO daily. Finesteride 5
mg PO daily or Dutasteride 0.5 mg PO daily
identify tx options for obesity based on bmi and comorbid conditions
BMI > 25 diet, exercise, and behavior modification
BMI > 27 with cormorbidity or > 30 w/ or w/o cormorbid: medication
BMI >35 w/comorbid or > 40 w/or w/o cormorbid: surgery
describe the Spurling test and what condition it is used to diagnose
cervical radicular syndrome
have pt extend neck and lateral flex to affected side. press down on the head. positive if pain
down the affected arm
Questions & Correct Answers
Differentiate between lateral and medical epicondylitis
The difference between the two is location. lateral is the outside of the elbow and medial is
inside of the elbow. lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) and sharp pain on the outside of the
elbow and down the forearm. pain occurs upon extention of wrist or supination of the forearm
such as gripping or twisting. medical epicondylitis (golfers elbow) is sharp pain radiating down
the arm from the inside of the elbow. pain occurs on extention of the wrist or supination of
forearm such as gripping, twisting or flexing at the wrist
discuss at least 3 vital body functions which thyroid hormones regulate
1. breathing
2. heart rate
3. body weight
4. cholesterol levels
5. menstrual cycles
6. body temperature
describe a goiter and the type of thyroid dysfunction that can be associated with it
goiter is an enlarged thyroid commonly caused from iodine deficiency or inflammation (Graves
or Hashimotos thyroiditis)
differentiate between over hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism
,overt hypothyroidism has a TSH > 10 and low FT4. subclinical hypothyroidism is an abnormal
TSH with normal FT4 and treated only if having symptoms.
differentiate between hashimoto's thyroiditis and grave's disease
both are autoimmune and hashimotos causes hypothyroid and graves is caused by a goiter that
causes hyperthyroid
identify three risks associated with obesity
1. diabetes
2. CVD, a fib, HTN, NSTEMI, varicosities
3. cancer
4. skin infections
5. arthritis
6. gallbladder disease
7. GERD
8. acute pancreatitis
9. NAFLD
10. stress incontinence
11. infertility
12. OSA
Identify three causes of obesity
1. genetics
2. calorie excess
3. food insecurity
,4. medications
5. psychological
6. insulin resistance
7. cushings
8. PCOS
discuss one primary prevention for obesity
identify those at risk, targeted nutritional advice with a low carb diet, 60 minutes of activity,
family involvement, motivational interviewing, and sleep hygiene
identify the categories of obesity based on the bmi
underweight: <18.5
normal: 18.5-24.99
overweight: 25-29.99
obese: 30-39.99
morbid obesity: <40
discuss how acute low back pain w/o neuro dysfunction does not warrant radiological
imaging.
low back pain typically resolves with conservative treatment and is a diagnosis of exclusion
identify the roles of tsh, ft4, tt3 and tpo abs in determining thyroid function
tsh: messenger to thyroid sent by pituitary. ft4 is unbound thyroid hormone produced by thyroid
(hypothyroid). tt3 is circulating unbound thyroid hormone converted by ft4 (hyperthyroid). tpo
abs is elevated in autoimmune thyroiditis (graves or hashimotos)
, identify at least one at risk population for thyroid screening
autoimmune d/o, pernicious anemia, h/o prior thyroid surgery, abnormal thyroid exam, neck
radiation, and first degree relative with autoimmune thyroid disease
discuss one physical characteristics seen in a hyperthyroid patient
warm flushed skin, moist skin, fine, silky hair, thinning hair, increased exophthalmos, lid lag and
edema, tremors
antibiotic class for acute bacterial prostatitis
fluoroquinolones: cipro 500 mg PO BID x 14-28 days or Levaquin 500 mg PO daily x 14-28
days
identify one tx for bph
alpha beta blockers: Flomax 0.4 mg - 0.8 mg Po daily, Doxazosin 4-8 mg PO daily. Finesteride 5
mg PO daily or Dutasteride 0.5 mg PO daily
identify tx options for obesity based on bmi and comorbid conditions
BMI > 25 diet, exercise, and behavior modification
BMI > 27 with cormorbidity or > 30 w/ or w/o cormorbid: medication
BMI >35 w/comorbid or > 40 w/or w/o cormorbid: surgery
describe the Spurling test and what condition it is used to diagnose
cervical radicular syndrome
have pt extend neck and lateral flex to affected side. press down on the head. positive if pain
down the affected arm
