EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1.Which of the following confer(s) passive immunity?
a) Hepatitis B vaccine
b) MMR vaccine
c) Hepatitis Bimmunoglobulin
d) Infection with measles virus
e) Cross placental transfer of maternal antibodies
2. A cohort study differs from a case-control study in that:
a) Subjects are enrolled or categorized on the basis of their exposure status in a cohort
study but not in a case-control study
b) Subjects are asked about their exposure status in a cohort study but not in a case-
control study
c) Cohort studies require many years to conduct, but case-control studies do not
d) Cohort studies are conducted to investigate chronic diseases, case-control studies are
used for infectious diseases
3. The most appropriate explanation on "Prevalence rate":
a) The number of patients who have the disease at a particular time, divided by the
population at risk of having the disease at that time.
b) the number of new cases of a diseased in a population over a period of time.
c) not useful for developing HIV/AIDS control program.
d) useful for developing Avian flu control program.
e) not useful for any disease control program.
4. Occurrence in the community of a number of cases of disease that is unusually large or
unexpected
a) Endemic
b) Epidemic
c¢) Pandemic
d) Infection
5. During the SARS outbreak in Canada there were 80 staff members who were exposed to
SARS patients who were hospitalized in the infectious disease unit of a hospital in Toronto.
Eight of these staff members developed SARS themselves. The percentage of staff members
who developed SARS represents which of the following measures of disease frequency?
a) incidence rate
b) attack rate
c) Prevalence
d) All of the above
, 6. The probability of a person’s having the disease when the test is positive
a) Positive predictive value
b) Sensitivity
c) Specificity
d) Negative predictive value
7. In a demographic cycle, the late expanding stage indicates
a) Decreasing birth rate and decreasing death rate
b) High birth rate and death rate
c) Low Birth rate and death rate
d) Decreasing death rate and stationary birth rated
8. A study is done to examine whether there is an association between the daily use of vitamins
C & E and risk of coronary artery disease (heart attacks) over a 10 year period. When subjects
who took both vitamins were compared to those who took not vitamins at all, the risk ratio was
found to be 0.70. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of this finding?
a) The incidence of coronary artery disease in those who take vitamins C & E daily is 0.70
(or 70%).
b) Those who take vitamins C & E daily have 0.7 times the risk of heart attack compared to
those who do not take vitamins.
c) The risk difference in this study is 70 per 100 vitamin users over ten years.
d) The risk difference in this study is 70 per 100 vitamin users over ten years.
9. If the Relative Risk for the association between a factor and a disease observed in a study of
all cases of the disease is equal to or less than 1.0 then:
a) There is no association between the factor and the disease
b) The comparison group used was unsuitable and a valid comparison is not possible
c) There is either no association or negative association between the factor and the
disease
d) The factor protects against development of the disease
e) Either matching or randomization has been unsuccessful
10. Host-agent-Environment paradigm is more appropriate to be applied for the communicable
diseases? True
11. Live attenuated vaccines include
a) Measles, Mumps, BCG, Plague
b) Measles Mumps. Hepatitis B Varicella
c) Measles. Mumps. Rubella
d) Messies Pubella, Hapatse
1.Which of the following confer(s) passive immunity?
a) Hepatitis B vaccine
b) MMR vaccine
c) Hepatitis Bimmunoglobulin
d) Infection with measles virus
e) Cross placental transfer of maternal antibodies
2. A cohort study differs from a case-control study in that:
a) Subjects are enrolled or categorized on the basis of their exposure status in a cohort
study but not in a case-control study
b) Subjects are asked about their exposure status in a cohort study but not in a case-
control study
c) Cohort studies require many years to conduct, but case-control studies do not
d) Cohort studies are conducted to investigate chronic diseases, case-control studies are
used for infectious diseases
3. The most appropriate explanation on "Prevalence rate":
a) The number of patients who have the disease at a particular time, divided by the
population at risk of having the disease at that time.
b) the number of new cases of a diseased in a population over a period of time.
c) not useful for developing HIV/AIDS control program.
d) useful for developing Avian flu control program.
e) not useful for any disease control program.
4. Occurrence in the community of a number of cases of disease that is unusually large or
unexpected
a) Endemic
b) Epidemic
c¢) Pandemic
d) Infection
5. During the SARS outbreak in Canada there were 80 staff members who were exposed to
SARS patients who were hospitalized in the infectious disease unit of a hospital in Toronto.
Eight of these staff members developed SARS themselves. The percentage of staff members
who developed SARS represents which of the following measures of disease frequency?
a) incidence rate
b) attack rate
c) Prevalence
d) All of the above
, 6. The probability of a person’s having the disease when the test is positive
a) Positive predictive value
b) Sensitivity
c) Specificity
d) Negative predictive value
7. In a demographic cycle, the late expanding stage indicates
a) Decreasing birth rate and decreasing death rate
b) High birth rate and death rate
c) Low Birth rate and death rate
d) Decreasing death rate and stationary birth rated
8. A study is done to examine whether there is an association between the daily use of vitamins
C & E and risk of coronary artery disease (heart attacks) over a 10 year period. When subjects
who took both vitamins were compared to those who took not vitamins at all, the risk ratio was
found to be 0.70. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of this finding?
a) The incidence of coronary artery disease in those who take vitamins C & E daily is 0.70
(or 70%).
b) Those who take vitamins C & E daily have 0.7 times the risk of heart attack compared to
those who do not take vitamins.
c) The risk difference in this study is 70 per 100 vitamin users over ten years.
d) The risk difference in this study is 70 per 100 vitamin users over ten years.
9. If the Relative Risk for the association between a factor and a disease observed in a study of
all cases of the disease is equal to or less than 1.0 then:
a) There is no association between the factor and the disease
b) The comparison group used was unsuitable and a valid comparison is not possible
c) There is either no association or negative association between the factor and the
disease
d) The factor protects against development of the disease
e) Either matching or randomization has been unsuccessful
10. Host-agent-Environment paradigm is more appropriate to be applied for the communicable
diseases? True
11. Live attenuated vaccines include
a) Measles, Mumps, BCG, Plague
b) Measles Mumps. Hepatitis B Varicella
c) Measles. Mumps. Rubella
d) Messies Pubella, Hapatse
