NC EMT STATE FINAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
After assessing your 59 yr. old female pt. for difficulty breathing you note crackles bilaterally. On
auscultation, cool and clammy skin and she reports a recent weight gain of 10 lbs. in the last 2
days. Based on what you know, which is the most likely cause of the symptoms? - ANSWER-
Pulmonary Edema
Which term correctly describes a respiratory (RR) rate of 40 breaths per minute in an adult? -
ANSWER-Tachypnea
If all systems of the body were to fail, such as cardiac arrest, we would suspect the body to be
acidic. - ANSWER-acidic
Which of the following joins the pharynx with the trachea? - ANSWER-Larynx
Your 75 yr. old male pt. fell of a step ladder and is now presenting with a fixed downward gaze.
The pt. is meaning with agonal respirations. What is the 1st priority for this patient? - ANSWER-
Establishing the airway
You arrive on scene of a 32 yr. old patient who is sitting up in a chair speaking 2-3 word
sentences and appears to be having difficulty breathing difficulty. You decide that you need to
apply the non-rebreather mask to your patient. Along with attaching an O2 container, what else
must be completed before applying the mask? - ANSWER-Making sure the reservoir bag is filled
with Oxygen
How can inappropriate mechanical ventilation lead to an acid/base imbalance? - ANSWER-It can
cause respiratory acidosis
Stridor is a sign indicating which of the following? - ANSWER-Airway Obstruction
,You are assisting an asthma patient with his prescribed albuterol inhaler. Which of the following
is another name for the patient's inhaler? - ANSWER-MDI (metered dose inhaler)
Which term best describes deep and rapid respirations? - ANSWER-Kassmaul respiration
Identify the correct order in which oxygen is carried through the respiratory system in order for
respiration to occur? - ANSWER-Nasopharynx ->Oropharynx -> Larynx -> Trachea -> Bronchi ->
lungs -> Bronchioles -> Alveoli
which three of the following are potential causes of Pneumonia? - ANSWER-Fungus, viruses, &
Bacteria
What is the preferred method for initially providing ventilations to an apneic patient when no
pocket mask is available? - ANSWER-Two person BVM with 100% Oxygen
Emphysema is specifically tied to damage to which of the following airway structures? -
ANSWER-Alveoli
Labored breathing is indicative of respiratory distress. Signs of distress include? - ANSWER-
Muscle retractions above the clavicle
You arrive on the scene of a vehicle vs. skateboarder who was not wearing a helmet. He is
unresponsive and his airway is obstructed by blood, making gurgling sounds. Your next course of
action should be? - ANSWER-suction, using a rigid-tip catheter
You arrive on the secured scene where the patient appears cyanotic with a reduced breathing
rate. You consider the possibility that the patient may be going into respiratory failure and you
immediately do which of the following? - ANSWER-Administer oxygen to the patient and
transport rapidly
,You are dispatched to 123 South St. for a female with breathing problems. As you arrive, your
patient is seated in the tripod position on the couch and can only speak 1-2 word sentences.
When you place your stethoscope on her chest, you notice a slight clicking sound as she
breathes in. What is the likely reason for this sound? - ANSWER-Crackles
You are transporting a patient with a history of lung disease. He says at his last appointment, his
tidal volume had decreased and was now 1/2 of the average tidal volume for an adult. What is
his tidal Volume? - ANSWER-250 ML
You are suctioning blood from the patient mouth when you accidentally stick the suction
catheter too far into the mouth. This stimulates a gag reflex producing vomitus and blood into
the airway. Your first step should be? - ANSWER-Remove the catheter and roll patient to one
side
You are assessing a 23 yr. old male with difficulty breathing after a motor vehicle collision
(MVC). He indicates that its getting harder to breathe and appears to be increasingly anxious.
Vitals are: BP 90/62, P 124, RR 20, spo2 93%, CBG 72, Lungs absent on the Lt. side. What do you
suspect is occurring with this patient? - ANSWER-tension pneumothorax
You are called to a conscious 22 yr. old female lying supine on her couch. She is restless and in
obvious respiratory distress. After ensuring a patent airway, your next course of action is ? -
ANSWER-Assess respiratory quality, effort and rate
You are called to a private resident for a 22 yr. old male who has n altered mental status. Vital
signs are: BP 102/58, HR 104, RR 6 bpm, spo2 88%. What should be your 1st intervention? -
ANSWER-Place an appropriately sized NPA
Which two of the following respiratory conditions most commonly make up COPD? - ANSWER-
Emphysema & Chronic Bronchitis
, What are the contraindications of using a CPAP & BiPAP machine? - ANSWER-Vomiting,
respiratory arrest, respiratory failure & cardiac arrest
You are on the scene with a 47 yr. old male patient who was the victim of a "hit and run". You
begin your initial assessment and find the following: the patient is unconscious, has an in-tact
gag reflex, and is breathing 38 bpm. What should you do next? - ANSWER-Assist ventilations
with a BVM attached to high flow oxygen
Which of the following facts is not true in regards to respiration? - ANSWER-Exhalation is an
active phase
Which 2 of the following statements are NOT true regarding respiration? - ANSWER-inhalation is
a passive process
Inhalation & exhalation times occur in a 1:4 ratio
An elderly man is found lying unresponsively next to his wheel chair in his living room. His
caregiver is unsure of what happened and reports walking in to find him on the floor. You detect
a strong carotid pulse rate of 60 bpm. What is your next priority? - ANSWER-jaw-thrust
maneuver
You arrive on the scene and find an unconscious patient, with a pulse. You suspect that the
patient's tongue is occluding the airway. After using the head tilt chin lift technique, what would
your next course of action be? - ANSWER-Insert an OPA
You approach a woman lying supine on the street. She is unconscious, but has a palpable carotid
pulse of around 60 bpm. You note that the entire mouth is full of vomit and she has ineffective
respirations. How should you proceed? - ANSWER-suction the airway
You would expect a respiratory rate of ? when assessing a 1 week old neonate baby? - ANSWER-
40-60 bpm
After assessing your 59 yr. old female pt. for difficulty breathing you note crackles bilaterally. On
auscultation, cool and clammy skin and she reports a recent weight gain of 10 lbs. in the last 2
days. Based on what you know, which is the most likely cause of the symptoms? - ANSWER-
Pulmonary Edema
Which term correctly describes a respiratory (RR) rate of 40 breaths per minute in an adult? -
ANSWER-Tachypnea
If all systems of the body were to fail, such as cardiac arrest, we would suspect the body to be
acidic. - ANSWER-acidic
Which of the following joins the pharynx with the trachea? - ANSWER-Larynx
Your 75 yr. old male pt. fell of a step ladder and is now presenting with a fixed downward gaze.
The pt. is meaning with agonal respirations. What is the 1st priority for this patient? - ANSWER-
Establishing the airway
You arrive on scene of a 32 yr. old patient who is sitting up in a chair speaking 2-3 word
sentences and appears to be having difficulty breathing difficulty. You decide that you need to
apply the non-rebreather mask to your patient. Along with attaching an O2 container, what else
must be completed before applying the mask? - ANSWER-Making sure the reservoir bag is filled
with Oxygen
How can inappropriate mechanical ventilation lead to an acid/base imbalance? - ANSWER-It can
cause respiratory acidosis
Stridor is a sign indicating which of the following? - ANSWER-Airway Obstruction
,You are assisting an asthma patient with his prescribed albuterol inhaler. Which of the following
is another name for the patient's inhaler? - ANSWER-MDI (metered dose inhaler)
Which term best describes deep and rapid respirations? - ANSWER-Kassmaul respiration
Identify the correct order in which oxygen is carried through the respiratory system in order for
respiration to occur? - ANSWER-Nasopharynx ->Oropharynx -> Larynx -> Trachea -> Bronchi ->
lungs -> Bronchioles -> Alveoli
which three of the following are potential causes of Pneumonia? - ANSWER-Fungus, viruses, &
Bacteria
What is the preferred method for initially providing ventilations to an apneic patient when no
pocket mask is available? - ANSWER-Two person BVM with 100% Oxygen
Emphysema is specifically tied to damage to which of the following airway structures? -
ANSWER-Alveoli
Labored breathing is indicative of respiratory distress. Signs of distress include? - ANSWER-
Muscle retractions above the clavicle
You arrive on the scene of a vehicle vs. skateboarder who was not wearing a helmet. He is
unresponsive and his airway is obstructed by blood, making gurgling sounds. Your next course of
action should be? - ANSWER-suction, using a rigid-tip catheter
You arrive on the secured scene where the patient appears cyanotic with a reduced breathing
rate. You consider the possibility that the patient may be going into respiratory failure and you
immediately do which of the following? - ANSWER-Administer oxygen to the patient and
transport rapidly
,You are dispatched to 123 South St. for a female with breathing problems. As you arrive, your
patient is seated in the tripod position on the couch and can only speak 1-2 word sentences.
When you place your stethoscope on her chest, you notice a slight clicking sound as she
breathes in. What is the likely reason for this sound? - ANSWER-Crackles
You are transporting a patient with a history of lung disease. He says at his last appointment, his
tidal volume had decreased and was now 1/2 of the average tidal volume for an adult. What is
his tidal Volume? - ANSWER-250 ML
You are suctioning blood from the patient mouth when you accidentally stick the suction
catheter too far into the mouth. This stimulates a gag reflex producing vomitus and blood into
the airway. Your first step should be? - ANSWER-Remove the catheter and roll patient to one
side
You are assessing a 23 yr. old male with difficulty breathing after a motor vehicle collision
(MVC). He indicates that its getting harder to breathe and appears to be increasingly anxious.
Vitals are: BP 90/62, P 124, RR 20, spo2 93%, CBG 72, Lungs absent on the Lt. side. What do you
suspect is occurring with this patient? - ANSWER-tension pneumothorax
You are called to a conscious 22 yr. old female lying supine on her couch. She is restless and in
obvious respiratory distress. After ensuring a patent airway, your next course of action is ? -
ANSWER-Assess respiratory quality, effort and rate
You are called to a private resident for a 22 yr. old male who has n altered mental status. Vital
signs are: BP 102/58, HR 104, RR 6 bpm, spo2 88%. What should be your 1st intervention? -
ANSWER-Place an appropriately sized NPA
Which two of the following respiratory conditions most commonly make up COPD? - ANSWER-
Emphysema & Chronic Bronchitis
, What are the contraindications of using a CPAP & BiPAP machine? - ANSWER-Vomiting,
respiratory arrest, respiratory failure & cardiac arrest
You are on the scene with a 47 yr. old male patient who was the victim of a "hit and run". You
begin your initial assessment and find the following: the patient is unconscious, has an in-tact
gag reflex, and is breathing 38 bpm. What should you do next? - ANSWER-Assist ventilations
with a BVM attached to high flow oxygen
Which of the following facts is not true in regards to respiration? - ANSWER-Exhalation is an
active phase
Which 2 of the following statements are NOT true regarding respiration? - ANSWER-inhalation is
a passive process
Inhalation & exhalation times occur in a 1:4 ratio
An elderly man is found lying unresponsively next to his wheel chair in his living room. His
caregiver is unsure of what happened and reports walking in to find him on the floor. You detect
a strong carotid pulse rate of 60 bpm. What is your next priority? - ANSWER-jaw-thrust
maneuver
You arrive on the scene and find an unconscious patient, with a pulse. You suspect that the
patient's tongue is occluding the airway. After using the head tilt chin lift technique, what would
your next course of action be? - ANSWER-Insert an OPA
You approach a woman lying supine on the street. She is unconscious, but has a palpable carotid
pulse of around 60 bpm. You note that the entire mouth is full of vomit and she has ineffective
respirations. How should you proceed? - ANSWER-suction the airway
You would expect a respiratory rate of ? when assessing a 1 week old neonate baby? - ANSWER-
40-60 bpm
