ITM 102 Final Exam Questions
with 100% Correct Answers
Virtual reality - Answer-A computer-simulated environment that can be a simulation of
the real world or an imaginary world.
Ambient digital experience - Answer-A blend of the physical, virtual, and electronic
environments creating a real-time ambient environment that changes as the user moves
from one place to another.
3D printing (additive manufacturing) - Answer-A process that builds—layer by layer in
an additive process—a three-dimensional solid object from a digital model.
Biological 3D printing - Answer-Includes the printing of skin and organs and is
progressing from theory to reality; however, politicians and the public do not have a full
understanding of the implications.
Internet of Things (IoT) - Answer-Any device connected to the Internet with the goal of
enhancing performance without human intervention.
Information of Everything (IoE) - Answer-A concept that extends the Internet of Things
(IoT) emphasis on machine-to-machine communications to describe a more complex
system that also encompasses people and processes.
Virtual assistant (VA) - Answer-A small program stored on a PC or portable device that
monitors emails, faxes, messages, and phone calls.
Autonomous agent - Answer-Software that carries out some set of operations on behalf
of a user or another program with some degree of independence or autonomy and
employs some knowledge or representation of the user's goals or desires.
Real-time adaptive security - Answer-The network security model necessary to
accommodate the emergence of multiple perimeters and moving parts on the network,
and increasingly advanced threats targeting enterprises.
Autonomic computing - Answer-A self-managing computing model named after, and
patterned on, the human body's autonomic nervous system.
Business-facing processes - Answer-Invisible to the external customer but essential to
the effective management of the business; they include goal setting, day-to-day
planning, giving performance feedback and rewards, and allocating resources.
,Customer-facing process - Answer-Results in a product or service that is received by an
organization's external customer.
Dynamic process - Answer-A continuously changing process used to provide business
solutions to ever-changing business operations.
Static process - Answer-Process that uses a systematic approach in an attempt to
improve business effectiveness and efficiency continuously.
Business process modeling (or mapping) - Answer-The activity of creating a detailed
flowchart or process map of a work process, showing its inputs, tasks, and activities in a
structured sequence.
Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) - Answer-A graphical notation that
depicts the steps in a business process.
As-Is process model - Answer-Represents the current state of the operation that has
been mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes.
To-Be process model - Answer-Shows the results of applying change improvement
opportunities to the current (As-Is) process model.
use case - Answer-A description of how a system, product, or service can be used to
achieve specific goals, tasks, or objectives.
Actor - Answer-An entity that is capable of participating in an action or a network.
Workflow - Answer-Includes the tasks, activities, and responsibilities required to execute
each step in a business process.
robotic process automation (RPA) - Answer-The use of software with artificial
intelligence (AI) and machine learning capabilities to handle high-volume, repeatable
tasks that previously required a human to perform.
artificial intelligence (AI) - Answer-Simulates human intelligence such as the ability to
reason and learn, focusing on three cognitive skills: learning, reasoning, and self-
correction.
Bias - Answer-A disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually
in a way that is closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair.
Affinity bias - Answer-A tendency to connect with, hire, and promote those with similar
interests, experiences, or backgrounds.
Conformity bias - Answer-Acting similarly, or conforming to those around you,
regardless of your own views.
,Confirmation bias - Answer-Actively looking for evidence that backs up preconceived
ideas about someone.
Name bias - Answer-The tendency to prefer certain types of name AI.
Ethics - Answer-The principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other
people.
Confidentiality - Answer-The assurance that messages and information are available
only to those who are authorized to view them.
Privacy - Answer-The right to be left alone when you want to be, to have control over
your own personal possessions, and not to be observed without your consent.
Copyright - Answer-The legal protection afforded an expression of an idea, such as a
song, book, or video game.
counterfeit software - Answer-Software that is manufactured to look like the real thing
and sold as such.
digital rights management - Answer-A technological solution that allows publishers to
control their digital media to discourage, limit, or prevent illegal copying and distribution.
intellectual property - Answer-Intangible creative work that is embodied in physical form
and includes copyrights, trademarks, and patents.
Patent - Answer-An exclusive right to make, use, and sell an invention granted by a
government to the inventor.
pirated software - Answer-The unauthorized use, duplication, distribution, or sale of
copyrighted software.
data harvesting - Answer-Refers to the process of collecting and extracting large
amounts of data from various sources, often through automated means, for analysis,
storage, or business purposes.
data scraping - Answer-The process of extracting large amounts of data from a website
and saving it to a spreadsheet or computer.
Ediscovery - Answer-Refers to the ability of a company to identify, search, gather, seize,
or export digital information in responding to a litigation, audit, investigation, or
information inquiry.
Child Online Protection Act (COPA) - Answer-A law that protects minors from accessing
inappropriate material on the Internet.
, information secrecy - Answer-The category of computer security that addresses the
protection of data from unauthorized disclosure and confirmation of data source
authenticity.
information governance - Answer-A method or system of government for information
management or control.
information management - Answer-Examines the organizational resource of information
and regulates its definitions, uses, value, and distribution, ensuring that it has the types
of data/information required to function and grow effectively.
information compliance - Answer-The act of conforming, acquiescing, or yielding
information.
information property - Answer-An ethical issue that focuses on who owns information
about individuals and how information can be sold and exchanged.
AI explainability - Answer-Refers to the ability to understand and interpret the output or
prediction from the algorithm.
AI transparency - Answer-Refers to the extent to which the decision-making processes,
algorithms, and data used by artificial intelligence systems are open, accessible, and
understandable to stakeholders and users.
AI hallucination - Answer-The fabrication of imaginary text, images, and sources when
an AI model does not have enough data to answer a question.
ethical computer use policy - Answer-Contains general principles to guide computer
user behavior.
information privacy policy - Answer-Contains general principles regarding information
privacy.
acceptable use policy (AUP) - Answer-A policy that a user must agree to follow in order
to be provided access to a network or to the Internet.
email privacy policy - Answer-Details the extent to which email messages may be read
by others.
social media policy - Answer-Outlines the corporate guidelines or principles governing
employee online communications.
workplace MIS monitoring - Answer-Tracks people's activities by such measures as
number of keystrokes, error rate, and number of transactions processed.
with 100% Correct Answers
Virtual reality - Answer-A computer-simulated environment that can be a simulation of
the real world or an imaginary world.
Ambient digital experience - Answer-A blend of the physical, virtual, and electronic
environments creating a real-time ambient environment that changes as the user moves
from one place to another.
3D printing (additive manufacturing) - Answer-A process that builds—layer by layer in
an additive process—a three-dimensional solid object from a digital model.
Biological 3D printing - Answer-Includes the printing of skin and organs and is
progressing from theory to reality; however, politicians and the public do not have a full
understanding of the implications.
Internet of Things (IoT) - Answer-Any device connected to the Internet with the goal of
enhancing performance without human intervention.
Information of Everything (IoE) - Answer-A concept that extends the Internet of Things
(IoT) emphasis on machine-to-machine communications to describe a more complex
system that also encompasses people and processes.
Virtual assistant (VA) - Answer-A small program stored on a PC or portable device that
monitors emails, faxes, messages, and phone calls.
Autonomous agent - Answer-Software that carries out some set of operations on behalf
of a user or another program with some degree of independence or autonomy and
employs some knowledge or representation of the user's goals or desires.
Real-time adaptive security - Answer-The network security model necessary to
accommodate the emergence of multiple perimeters and moving parts on the network,
and increasingly advanced threats targeting enterprises.
Autonomic computing - Answer-A self-managing computing model named after, and
patterned on, the human body's autonomic nervous system.
Business-facing processes - Answer-Invisible to the external customer but essential to
the effective management of the business; they include goal setting, day-to-day
planning, giving performance feedback and rewards, and allocating resources.
,Customer-facing process - Answer-Results in a product or service that is received by an
organization's external customer.
Dynamic process - Answer-A continuously changing process used to provide business
solutions to ever-changing business operations.
Static process - Answer-Process that uses a systematic approach in an attempt to
improve business effectiveness and efficiency continuously.
Business process modeling (or mapping) - Answer-The activity of creating a detailed
flowchart or process map of a work process, showing its inputs, tasks, and activities in a
structured sequence.
Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) - Answer-A graphical notation that
depicts the steps in a business process.
As-Is process model - Answer-Represents the current state of the operation that has
been mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes.
To-Be process model - Answer-Shows the results of applying change improvement
opportunities to the current (As-Is) process model.
use case - Answer-A description of how a system, product, or service can be used to
achieve specific goals, tasks, or objectives.
Actor - Answer-An entity that is capable of participating in an action or a network.
Workflow - Answer-Includes the tasks, activities, and responsibilities required to execute
each step in a business process.
robotic process automation (RPA) - Answer-The use of software with artificial
intelligence (AI) and machine learning capabilities to handle high-volume, repeatable
tasks that previously required a human to perform.
artificial intelligence (AI) - Answer-Simulates human intelligence such as the ability to
reason and learn, focusing on three cognitive skills: learning, reasoning, and self-
correction.
Bias - Answer-A disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually
in a way that is closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair.
Affinity bias - Answer-A tendency to connect with, hire, and promote those with similar
interests, experiences, or backgrounds.
Conformity bias - Answer-Acting similarly, or conforming to those around you,
regardless of your own views.
,Confirmation bias - Answer-Actively looking for evidence that backs up preconceived
ideas about someone.
Name bias - Answer-The tendency to prefer certain types of name AI.
Ethics - Answer-The principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other
people.
Confidentiality - Answer-The assurance that messages and information are available
only to those who are authorized to view them.
Privacy - Answer-The right to be left alone when you want to be, to have control over
your own personal possessions, and not to be observed without your consent.
Copyright - Answer-The legal protection afforded an expression of an idea, such as a
song, book, or video game.
counterfeit software - Answer-Software that is manufactured to look like the real thing
and sold as such.
digital rights management - Answer-A technological solution that allows publishers to
control their digital media to discourage, limit, or prevent illegal copying and distribution.
intellectual property - Answer-Intangible creative work that is embodied in physical form
and includes copyrights, trademarks, and patents.
Patent - Answer-An exclusive right to make, use, and sell an invention granted by a
government to the inventor.
pirated software - Answer-The unauthorized use, duplication, distribution, or sale of
copyrighted software.
data harvesting - Answer-Refers to the process of collecting and extracting large
amounts of data from various sources, often through automated means, for analysis,
storage, or business purposes.
data scraping - Answer-The process of extracting large amounts of data from a website
and saving it to a spreadsheet or computer.
Ediscovery - Answer-Refers to the ability of a company to identify, search, gather, seize,
or export digital information in responding to a litigation, audit, investigation, or
information inquiry.
Child Online Protection Act (COPA) - Answer-A law that protects minors from accessing
inappropriate material on the Internet.
, information secrecy - Answer-The category of computer security that addresses the
protection of data from unauthorized disclosure and confirmation of data source
authenticity.
information governance - Answer-A method or system of government for information
management or control.
information management - Answer-Examines the organizational resource of information
and regulates its definitions, uses, value, and distribution, ensuring that it has the types
of data/information required to function and grow effectively.
information compliance - Answer-The act of conforming, acquiescing, or yielding
information.
information property - Answer-An ethical issue that focuses on who owns information
about individuals and how information can be sold and exchanged.
AI explainability - Answer-Refers to the ability to understand and interpret the output or
prediction from the algorithm.
AI transparency - Answer-Refers to the extent to which the decision-making processes,
algorithms, and data used by artificial intelligence systems are open, accessible, and
understandable to stakeholders and users.
AI hallucination - Answer-The fabrication of imaginary text, images, and sources when
an AI model does not have enough data to answer a question.
ethical computer use policy - Answer-Contains general principles to guide computer
user behavior.
information privacy policy - Answer-Contains general principles regarding information
privacy.
acceptable use policy (AUP) - Answer-A policy that a user must agree to follow in order
to be provided access to a network or to the Internet.
email privacy policy - Answer-Details the extent to which email messages may be read
by others.
social media policy - Answer-Outlines the corporate guidelines or principles governing
employee online communications.
workplace MIS monitoring - Answer-Tracks people's activities by such measures as
number of keystrokes, error rate, and number of transactions processed.
