PARAMEDIC FINAL EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ | LATEST UPDATE
51. Insulin and glucagon are produced in specialized groups of cells in the
pancreas known as the:
A) adrenal islets.
B) islets of Langerhans.
C) medullary cortex.
D) adrenal medulla.
B) islets of Langerhans.
193. What are the functions of the pancreas?
A) Production of renin and regulation of blood pressure
B) Storage and movement of food into the small intestine
C) Concentration and storage of bile until it is needed for digestion
D) Production of insulin and certain enzymes that aid in digestion
D) Production of insulin and certain enzymes that aid in digestion
104. Which of the following processes occurs during multiple organ
dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
A) MODS activates the kallikrein-kinin system, which stimulates the
release of bradykinin, a potent vasoconstrictor
B) The ischemic pancreas releases myocardial depressant factor, which
impairs cardiac contractility
C) Vascular endothelial damage causes depression of the coagulation
system, which causes the blood to clot
D) The liver produces too little of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase
and alanine aminotransferase
B) The ischemic pancreas releases myocardial depressant factor, which
impairs cardiac contractility
6. The pancreas, liver, and gallbladder connect to the digestive system at
the:
A) ilium.
B) secum.
C) jejunum.
D) duodenum.
,D) duodenum.
12. The exocrine function of the pancreas produces:
A) insulin.
B) glucagon.
C) enzymes.
D) somatostatin.
C) enzymes.
14. The endocrine component of the pancreas:
A) comprises the pancreatic duct.
B) comprises the islets of Langerhans.
C) releases epinephrine and norepinephrine.
D) secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum.
B) comprises the islets of Langerhans.
19. When the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the cells do not
respond to the effects of the insulin that is produced:
A) the cells will metabolize oxygen and function normally.
B) glucose levels in the blood and urine will be elevated.
C) serum glucose levels will fall and brain damage may occur.
D) the body will stop making glucose as a protective mechanism.
B) glucose levels in the blood and urine will be elevated.
24. Insulin resistance occurs when:
A) autoantibodies break down insulin before it can be utilized by the body.
B) the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine renders insulin less
effective.
C) the pancreas produces enough insulin, but the body cannot utilize it
effectively.
D) the body produces excessive insulin, which causes a profound drop in
blood glucose.
C) the pancreas produces enough insulin, but the body cannot utilize it
effectively.
10. Which of the following is NOT a major component of the hematologic
system?
A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Pancreas
D) Bone marrow
,C) Pancreas
7. Intraperitoneal organs include all of the following, EXCEPT the:
A) pancreas.
B) stomach.
C) small bowel.
D) gallbladder.
A) pancreas.
10. Which of the following is NOT a function of the pancreas?
A) Enzyme secretion
B) Secretion of insulin
C) Glucagon secretion
D) Reservoir for bile
D) Reservoir for bile
25. Because of its anatomic position in the retroperitoneum, it typically
takes high-energy force to damage the:
A) liver.
B) spleen.
C) stomach.
D) pancreas.
D) pancreas.
148. Examples of steroid hormones are:
A) epinephrine and prolactin.
B) cortisol and testosterone.
C) oxytocin and growth hormone.
D) norepinephrine and antidiuretic hormone.
B) cortisol and testosterone.
154. What classification of medication is ketorolac (Toradol)?
A) Opioid analgesic
B) Corticosteroid anti-inflammatory
C) Histamine-1 receptor antagonist
D) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
D) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
94. Methylprednisoline (Solu-Medrol) is classified as a:
A) beta-2 agonist.
B) glucocorticoid.
, C) corticosteroid.
D) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory.
C) corticosteroid.
64. Unlike bronchodilator therapy, corticosteroid therapy: A) causes
immediate improvement in breathing.
B) takes a few hours to reduce bronchial edema
.C) is administered exclusively in a hospital setting.
D) is the primary treatment for acute bronchospasm.
B) takes a few hours to reduce bronchial edema.
75. You are assessing an elderly man who has asthma and uses an inhaled
corticosteroid on a regular basis. He has white patches on his tongue and
the inside of his mouth. He is conscious and alert and his airway is patent.
You should:
A) suspect that he has leukoplakia.
B) irrigate his mouth with sterile water.
C) provide supportive care and transport.
D) carefully scrape the lesions from his tongue.
C) provide supportive care and transport.
24. Chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs would MOST
likely result in:
A) diverticulitis.
B) esophageal varices.
C) acute gastroenteritis.
D) peptic ulcer disease.
D) peptic ulcer disease.
11. The adrenal cortex produces hormones called _______________, which:
A) catecholamines, increase the blood pressure.
B) glucocorticoids, stimulate energy production.
C) gonadotropin, regulate testosterone production.
D) corticosteroids, regulate the body's metabolism.
D) corticosteroids, regulate the body's metabolism.
46. The MOST common cause of Addisonian crisis is:
A) overwhelming stress
.B) a severe acute infectious process.
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ | LATEST UPDATE
51. Insulin and glucagon are produced in specialized groups of cells in the
pancreas known as the:
A) adrenal islets.
B) islets of Langerhans.
C) medullary cortex.
D) adrenal medulla.
B) islets of Langerhans.
193. What are the functions of the pancreas?
A) Production of renin and regulation of blood pressure
B) Storage and movement of food into the small intestine
C) Concentration and storage of bile until it is needed for digestion
D) Production of insulin and certain enzymes that aid in digestion
D) Production of insulin and certain enzymes that aid in digestion
104. Which of the following processes occurs during multiple organ
dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
A) MODS activates the kallikrein-kinin system, which stimulates the
release of bradykinin, a potent vasoconstrictor
B) The ischemic pancreas releases myocardial depressant factor, which
impairs cardiac contractility
C) Vascular endothelial damage causes depression of the coagulation
system, which causes the blood to clot
D) The liver produces too little of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase
and alanine aminotransferase
B) The ischemic pancreas releases myocardial depressant factor, which
impairs cardiac contractility
6. The pancreas, liver, and gallbladder connect to the digestive system at
the:
A) ilium.
B) secum.
C) jejunum.
D) duodenum.
,D) duodenum.
12. The exocrine function of the pancreas produces:
A) insulin.
B) glucagon.
C) enzymes.
D) somatostatin.
C) enzymes.
14. The endocrine component of the pancreas:
A) comprises the pancreatic duct.
B) comprises the islets of Langerhans.
C) releases epinephrine and norepinephrine.
D) secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum.
B) comprises the islets of Langerhans.
19. When the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the cells do not
respond to the effects of the insulin that is produced:
A) the cells will metabolize oxygen and function normally.
B) glucose levels in the blood and urine will be elevated.
C) serum glucose levels will fall and brain damage may occur.
D) the body will stop making glucose as a protective mechanism.
B) glucose levels in the blood and urine will be elevated.
24. Insulin resistance occurs when:
A) autoantibodies break down insulin before it can be utilized by the body.
B) the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine renders insulin less
effective.
C) the pancreas produces enough insulin, but the body cannot utilize it
effectively.
D) the body produces excessive insulin, which causes a profound drop in
blood glucose.
C) the pancreas produces enough insulin, but the body cannot utilize it
effectively.
10. Which of the following is NOT a major component of the hematologic
system?
A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Pancreas
D) Bone marrow
,C) Pancreas
7. Intraperitoneal organs include all of the following, EXCEPT the:
A) pancreas.
B) stomach.
C) small bowel.
D) gallbladder.
A) pancreas.
10. Which of the following is NOT a function of the pancreas?
A) Enzyme secretion
B) Secretion of insulin
C) Glucagon secretion
D) Reservoir for bile
D) Reservoir for bile
25. Because of its anatomic position in the retroperitoneum, it typically
takes high-energy force to damage the:
A) liver.
B) spleen.
C) stomach.
D) pancreas.
D) pancreas.
148. Examples of steroid hormones are:
A) epinephrine and prolactin.
B) cortisol and testosterone.
C) oxytocin and growth hormone.
D) norepinephrine and antidiuretic hormone.
B) cortisol and testosterone.
154. What classification of medication is ketorolac (Toradol)?
A) Opioid analgesic
B) Corticosteroid anti-inflammatory
C) Histamine-1 receptor antagonist
D) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
D) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
94. Methylprednisoline (Solu-Medrol) is classified as a:
A) beta-2 agonist.
B) glucocorticoid.
, C) corticosteroid.
D) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory.
C) corticosteroid.
64. Unlike bronchodilator therapy, corticosteroid therapy: A) causes
immediate improvement in breathing.
B) takes a few hours to reduce bronchial edema
.C) is administered exclusively in a hospital setting.
D) is the primary treatment for acute bronchospasm.
B) takes a few hours to reduce bronchial edema.
75. You are assessing an elderly man who has asthma and uses an inhaled
corticosteroid on a regular basis. He has white patches on his tongue and
the inside of his mouth. He is conscious and alert and his airway is patent.
You should:
A) suspect that he has leukoplakia.
B) irrigate his mouth with sterile water.
C) provide supportive care and transport.
D) carefully scrape the lesions from his tongue.
C) provide supportive care and transport.
24. Chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs would MOST
likely result in:
A) diverticulitis.
B) esophageal varices.
C) acute gastroenteritis.
D) peptic ulcer disease.
D) peptic ulcer disease.
11. The adrenal cortex produces hormones called _______________, which:
A) catecholamines, increase the blood pressure.
B) glucocorticoids, stimulate energy production.
C) gonadotropin, regulate testosterone production.
D) corticosteroids, regulate the body's metabolism.
D) corticosteroids, regulate the body's metabolism.
46. The MOST common cause of Addisonian crisis is:
A) overwhelming stress
.B) a severe acute infectious process.
