LECOM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
EXAM 1 PPT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Which is considered part of the external environment?
A. Oxygen dissolved in blood
B. Fluid inside a B-Cell
C. Fluid in the space between a blood vessel and muscle
D. Food in the stomach
E. Water inside the mitochondria of a liver cell - Correct Answers -D. Food in the
stomach
Remember concept of the string. If it can go in and be pulled out its extracellular.
List examples of the external environment - Correct Answers -O2 in the lung, urine in
the bladder, lumen in the small intestine, anything outside the body
List examples of the internal environment - Correct Answers -Intercellular fluid (ICF),
interstitial fluid (ISF), Fluid within the cytoplasm or organelles, extracellular fluid
dissolved in plasma
Which of the following compartments contains the highest percentage of TBW?
A. ECF
B. ICF
C. ISF
D. Fluid in the stomach
E. Plasma - Correct Answers -B. ICF (intercellular fluid)
TBF = ECF + ICF
ICF = 2/3 of TBW
ECF = 1/3 of TBW
ISF = 80% of ECF
Plasma = 20% of ECF
How do we define homeostasis? - Correct Answers -Body's ability to to adapt to stimuli
and return to the "set point" or normal range; bodies ability to maintain a stable internal
environment
, Is the set point dynamic or static? - Correct Answers -Set point is dynamic, homeostasis
exists in a range. Ex. Blood Glucose, normal range is 80 - 100
What body systems play a major role in regulating homeostasis? - Correct Answers --
Endocrine & Nervous System
-these are the two "control" systems
When the membrane potential is repolarizing after an action potential, which of the
following most closely describes the arrangement of the voltage-gated sodium channels
on that segment of neuron membrane when the voltage recorded in a voltmeter is 0
mV?
A. H-gate closed and M-gate open
B. H-gate open and M-gate open
C. H-gate closed and M-gate closed
D. H-gate open and M-gate closed - Correct Answers -C. H-gate closed and M-gate
closed
Carbamepazine is an antiepileptic agent that acts to inhibit voltage-gated sodium
channels. Which of the following effects on the action potential is most likely when this
drug is taken?
A. Faster propagation
B. Decreased number of action potentials
C. Decreased ability to reach threshold
D. Increased duration of action potentials - Correct Answers -A. Decreased number of
action potentials
Which of the following presynaptic events leads to neurotransmitter release from the
terminal button?
A. Activation of ligand-gated sodium channels in the terminus
B. Decreasing the levels of synaptotagmin in the terminus
C. Closing voltage-gated sodium channels in the terminus
D. Hyperpolarization of the terminal button
E. Opening voltage-gated calcium channels in the terminus - Correct Answers -E.
Opening voltage-gated calcium channels in the terminus
What is the result if the body cannot maintain homeostasis? - Correct Answers -Disease
During an electrical signaling events in neurons, Na+ gates open and make the inside of
the neuron more positive, this increase in positive charge causes more Na+ gates to
open in the neuron. This is an example of..?
A. Positive feedback
B. Negative feedback - Correct Answers -A. Positive feedback
EXAM 1 PPT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Which is considered part of the external environment?
A. Oxygen dissolved in blood
B. Fluid inside a B-Cell
C. Fluid in the space between a blood vessel and muscle
D. Food in the stomach
E. Water inside the mitochondria of a liver cell - Correct Answers -D. Food in the
stomach
Remember concept of the string. If it can go in and be pulled out its extracellular.
List examples of the external environment - Correct Answers -O2 in the lung, urine in
the bladder, lumen in the small intestine, anything outside the body
List examples of the internal environment - Correct Answers -Intercellular fluid (ICF),
interstitial fluid (ISF), Fluid within the cytoplasm or organelles, extracellular fluid
dissolved in plasma
Which of the following compartments contains the highest percentage of TBW?
A. ECF
B. ICF
C. ISF
D. Fluid in the stomach
E. Plasma - Correct Answers -B. ICF (intercellular fluid)
TBF = ECF + ICF
ICF = 2/3 of TBW
ECF = 1/3 of TBW
ISF = 80% of ECF
Plasma = 20% of ECF
How do we define homeostasis? - Correct Answers -Body's ability to to adapt to stimuli
and return to the "set point" or normal range; bodies ability to maintain a stable internal
environment
, Is the set point dynamic or static? - Correct Answers -Set point is dynamic, homeostasis
exists in a range. Ex. Blood Glucose, normal range is 80 - 100
What body systems play a major role in regulating homeostasis? - Correct Answers --
Endocrine & Nervous System
-these are the two "control" systems
When the membrane potential is repolarizing after an action potential, which of the
following most closely describes the arrangement of the voltage-gated sodium channels
on that segment of neuron membrane when the voltage recorded in a voltmeter is 0
mV?
A. H-gate closed and M-gate open
B. H-gate open and M-gate open
C. H-gate closed and M-gate closed
D. H-gate open and M-gate closed - Correct Answers -C. H-gate closed and M-gate
closed
Carbamepazine is an antiepileptic agent that acts to inhibit voltage-gated sodium
channels. Which of the following effects on the action potential is most likely when this
drug is taken?
A. Faster propagation
B. Decreased number of action potentials
C. Decreased ability to reach threshold
D. Increased duration of action potentials - Correct Answers -A. Decreased number of
action potentials
Which of the following presynaptic events leads to neurotransmitter release from the
terminal button?
A. Activation of ligand-gated sodium channels in the terminus
B. Decreasing the levels of synaptotagmin in the terminus
C. Closing voltage-gated sodium channels in the terminus
D. Hyperpolarization of the terminal button
E. Opening voltage-gated calcium channels in the terminus - Correct Answers -E.
Opening voltage-gated calcium channels in the terminus
What is the result if the body cannot maintain homeostasis? - Correct Answers -Disease
During an electrical signaling events in neurons, Na+ gates open and make the inside of
the neuron more positive, this increase in positive charge causes more Na+ gates to
open in the neuron. This is an example of..?
A. Positive feedback
B. Negative feedback - Correct Answers -A. Positive feedback
