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PCB 4233 IMMUNOLOGY EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS..

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This document contains a comprehensive set of exam 1 review questions with complete answers for PCB 4233 Immunology. It covers essential topics such as innate and adaptive immunity, immune cell types, signaling pathways, cytokines, antigen recognition, and lymphoid organ function. The material is presented in a question-and-answer format, making it ideal for exam preparation and reinforcing complex immunological concepts. It aligns closely with lecture content and foundational immunology principles.

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Institution
PCB 4233
Course
PCB 4233

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What signaling cascade/event opens calcium channels?


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phosphorylation of membrane phospholipids leads to recruitment of PH
domain containing proteins....... NFAT: Ca2+ released from ER->calmodulin
and calcinuerin activated.




What are NK cells?


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lymphocytes with innate immune function; express receptors for self
protein induced by- infection, malignant transformation, and other stresses;
they kill the cell or produce cytokines that induce the adaptive response

,Myeloid lineage cells


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erythrocytes (red blood cells), megakaryocytes (platelets), granulocytes
(basophils/mast,eosinophils, neutrophils), Monocytes




Necrosis


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cells swell up and burst
often signifies problem




Immunity dysfunctions


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hyperimmunity (allergies or asthma), immunodeficiency (genetic or
acquired), autoimmune disease




Immunity


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, general ability of host to resist a particular disease or infection
state of protection against foreign pathogens or substances




Describe the organization of primary lymphoid tissues such as the bone marrow and
thymus and what roles the different regions of organization play in immune cell
development


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Primary lymphoid organs (bone marrow and thymus) where immune cells
develop. B lymphocytes develop in the niche of the bone marrow. T cells
develop initially in the bone marrow, but then migrate to thymus to achieve
full maturity.




What are CD4 T cells? What are CD8 T cells?


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T lymphocytes are divided into 2 major cell types-T helper (Th) and T (Tc)
cytotoxic. Helper T lymphocytes have TCRs and CD4 receptors that binds
to antigen-presenting cells when their TCRs recognize the antigen being
presented. Once bound, helper T cells release cytokines to stimulate a
defense against specific antigen. Cytotoxic T cells have TCRs and CD8
receptors on their surface, they proceed to kill infected cell.




Role of cell adhesion molecules in leukocyte migration


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Written in
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