NCAL Kaiser EKG Exam
3rd degree heart block etiology and tx Acute MI (high morality with anterior MI), drug toxicity (dig,
procainamide), chronic condition in elderly due to calcified conduction
Tx: transcutaneous pacemaker then permanent pacemaker, atropine, epi,
dopamine
AFIB causes idiopathic, HTN, mitral valve disease, cardiomyopathy, thyrotoxicosis,
alcohol use, sick sinus syndrome, cardiac surgery, hypothyroidism,
hyperkalemia, sepsis
AFIB treatments CONTROL RATES: BBS' diltiazem, verapamil, digoxin
CONVERT Rhythm: amiodarone
Prevent clots: Anticoags
, NCAL Kaiser EKG Exam
Atrial Ectopic Beat (PAC) premature atrial depolarization of atria originating OUTSIDE sinus node
-benign
atrial fibrillation absence of SA node stimulus, atria is repolarizing and depolarizing at
same time causing a, ineffective quiver and loss of atrial kick
Rhythm: VERY irregular
p waves absent
F waves
PR interval normal absent
QRS narrow
ST and T waves unidentifiable
, NCAL Kaiser EKG Exam
Atrial Flutter irregular beating of the heart due to block within AV node. AV node is
bombarded by flutter waves
Atrial Rate: 250-400 bpm
Rate: around 150, but varies depending on conduction rate
Rhythm: regular
p waves SAW TOOTH
PR not measurable
QRS normal
ST and T waves fused with F WAVES
Atrial flutter causes idiopathic, cor pulmonale, iscemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy,
systemic HTN, congenital heart disease, thyrotoxicosis valvular heart
disease
3rd degree heart block etiology and tx Acute MI (high morality with anterior MI), drug toxicity (dig,
procainamide), chronic condition in elderly due to calcified conduction
Tx: transcutaneous pacemaker then permanent pacemaker, atropine, epi,
dopamine
AFIB causes idiopathic, HTN, mitral valve disease, cardiomyopathy, thyrotoxicosis,
alcohol use, sick sinus syndrome, cardiac surgery, hypothyroidism,
hyperkalemia, sepsis
AFIB treatments CONTROL RATES: BBS' diltiazem, verapamil, digoxin
CONVERT Rhythm: amiodarone
Prevent clots: Anticoags
, NCAL Kaiser EKG Exam
Atrial Ectopic Beat (PAC) premature atrial depolarization of atria originating OUTSIDE sinus node
-benign
atrial fibrillation absence of SA node stimulus, atria is repolarizing and depolarizing at
same time causing a, ineffective quiver and loss of atrial kick
Rhythm: VERY irregular
p waves absent
F waves
PR interval normal absent
QRS narrow
ST and T waves unidentifiable
, NCAL Kaiser EKG Exam
Atrial Flutter irregular beating of the heart due to block within AV node. AV node is
bombarded by flutter waves
Atrial Rate: 250-400 bpm
Rate: around 150, but varies depending on conduction rate
Rhythm: regular
p waves SAW TOOTH
PR not measurable
QRS normal
ST and T waves fused with F WAVES
Atrial flutter causes idiopathic, cor pulmonale, iscemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy,
systemic HTN, congenital heart disease, thyrotoxicosis valvular heart
disease
